kubernets安装-Kubeadm for ubuntu

Posted 2022-08-06 LSnowBamboo

[TOC]

master 初始化

环境初始化

root@instance-0tow586x:~# apt install -y lrzsz vim
#关闭swap
swapoff -a
rm -f /swap.img
vim /etc/fstab
# /swap.img

#开启ip转发
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
#查看状态
sysctl -p
## 更改主机名
root@instance-0tow586x:~# echo "bd-ks-M1" >/etc/hostname 
root@instance-0tow586x:~# hostname `cat /etc/hostname`
root@instance-0tow586x:~# hostname
bd-ks-M1

安装docker

安装依赖

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

#安装GPG证书
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

#写入软件源信息
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

#更新并安装Docker-ce
sudo apt-get -y update
apt install -y docker-ce

#安装docker-compose
apt install -y docker-compose

#将docker设置为开机自启
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
#更改docker cgroupdriver
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

"exec-opts": ["native. cgroupdriverr=systemd"]

systemctl restart docker

安装k8s

#添加证书
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add - 

#添加apt源
cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF  

apt-get update

#查看可安装版本
apt-cache madison kubelet

#安装指定版本
apt-get install -y kubelet=1.22.0-00 kubeadm=1.22.0-00 kubectl=1.22.0-00

#设置开机启动
sudo systemctl enable kubelet && sudo systemctl start kubelet

安装所需镜像

## 查看所需镜像
root@kubernetes-master:~# kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version=v1.22.0
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.22.0
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.22.0
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.22.0
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.22.0
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.5
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.5.0-0
k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns:v1.8.4

##手动下载镜像

docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.22.0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.22.0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.5
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.22.0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.22.0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.8.4
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.5.0-0

##为镜像重新打tag
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.22.0    k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.22.0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.22.0  k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.22.0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.22.0   k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.22.0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.22.0   k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.22.0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.5     k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.5
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.5.0-0     k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.5.0-0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.8.4    k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.8.4
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.8.4     k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.8.4

初始化master节点

初始化之前一定要确认节点安装的docker cgroupdriver 是systemd ，关闭的swap，以及kubelet处于启动状态。

 kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.64.4 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.22.0 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

root@kubernetes-master:~# kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.64.4 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.22.0 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.22.0
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using kubeadm config images pull
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes kubernetes-master kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.1.0.1 192.168.64.4]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.64.4 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.64.4 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 9.503473 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.22" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node kubernetes-master as control-plane by adding the labels: [node-role.kubernetes.io/master(deprecated) node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers]
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node kubernetes-master as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: ogasa1.0jzmf6lwclbsb0fq
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.64.4:6443 --token ogasa1.0jzmf6lwclbsb0fq \\
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ea147bf21b1f8ad881863b5e0eb2cf9ccec4a2015605486d2a6cf5ce999f6207 

初始化完成之后会出现提示，Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!，之后将后面的内容保存到一个文件中，先不添加节点检查集群状态是否正常。
kubectl get componentstatus

解决报错The connection to the server localhost:8080 was refused - did you specify the right host or port?

 mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
 cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
 chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

添加网络组件

flannel
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
calico 
kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml

##检查状态
kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l app=flannel

#检查节点是否准备完成

kubectl get nodes

## 排查故障
 kubectl describe pod calico-node-zp8bb -n kube-system
#为node的角色打标签

#kubectl label node node01 node-role.kubernetes.io/node=node

node 初始化

node 初始化操作

环境初始化

root@instance-0tow586x:~# apt install -y lrzsz vim
#关闭swap
swapoff -a
rm -f /swap.img
vim /etc/fstab
# /swap.img

#开启ip转发
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
#查看状态
sysctl -p
#更改主机名
root@instance-90v8moam:~# echo "bd-ks-S1" >/etc/hostname 
root@instance-90v8moam:~# hostname `cat /etc/hostname`
root@instance-90v8moam:~# hostname
bd-ks-S1

安装docker

• 安装依赖

  
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

#安装GPG证书
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

#写入软件源信息
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

#更新并安装Docker-ce
apt-get -y update
apt install -y docker-ce

#安装docker-compose
apt install -y docker-compose
#更改cgroupdriver
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]

#将docker设置为开机自启
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker

### 安装k8s
```bash
#添加证书
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add - 

#添加apt源
vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main

apt-get update

#查看可安装版本
apt-cache madison kubelet

#安装指定版本
apt-get install -y kubelet=1.22.0-00 kubeadm=1.22.0-00 kubectl=1.22.0-00

#设置开机启动
sudo systemctl enable kubelet && sudo systemctl start kubelet
#添加配置文件到变量
echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> /etc/profile

将node加入集群

##在master上执行
root@kubernetes-master:~# kubeadm token create --print-join-command
kubeadm join 192.168.64.4:6443 --token j357yd.jzfderm7144bjf9r --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ea147bf21b1f8ad881863b5e0eb2cf9ccec4a2015605486d2a6cf5ce999f6207 

## 在node上执行
kubeadm join 192.168.64.4:6443 --token j357yd.jzfderm7144bjf9r --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ea147bf21b1f8ad881863b5e0eb2cf9ccec4a2015605486d2a6cf5ce999f6207 

报错处理 "[kubelet-check] The HTTP call equal to curl -sSL http://localhost:10248/healthz failed with error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz": dial tcp [::1]:10248: connect: connection refused.

[kubelet-check] It seems like the kubelet isnt running or healthy."

kubeadm reset
rm -rf /etc/cni/net.d
rm -rf $HOME/.kube/config
rm -rf /etc/kubernetes/
echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
echo "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"] | sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
systemctl restart kubelet
kubeadm reset

完成之后在master查看 node

root@kubernetes-master:~# kubectl get nodes 
NAME                STATUS   ROLES                  AGE    VERSION
kubernetes-master   Ready    control-plane,master   81m    v1.22.0
kubernetes-node1    Ready    <none>                 5m9s   v1.22.0
```bash