英语句式参考纯享版 - 状语从句

Posted 2022-08-03 we1less

[ 状语从句 ] 

注意：时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、让步、目的、结果，状语修饰谓语，

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[ 时间状语从句 ]

注意：时间状语可以放在开头，用逗号隔开，也可以放在结尾，注意时态问题 (主将从现)

复合句	从句
一般现在	一般现在
一般将来	一般现在    (主将从现)
一般过去	一般过去

常用从属连词：when / while 当...的时候        as 当...的时候        after ...之后        before ...之前

since 自从        until 直到        as soon as 一...就        once 一旦...

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[ when / while / as ]

注意：注意时态问题，主将从现

① 从句 一般过去时态，复合句 一般过去时态、过去进行时态、过去完成时态、过去将来时态

[ when + 主谓宾 ]

        复合句 一般过去时态，从句 一般过去时态

        When Jeff met a beautiful girl in the supermarket, he got crazy. 

        当杰夫在超市遇到一个漂亮的女孩时，他发疯了

        复合句 过去进行时态，从句 一般过去时态

        He was watching TV when his mother came in.

        当他母亲进来时，他正在看电视

        复合句 过去完成时态，从句 一般过去时态

        When we got to his home, he had left.

        当我们到达他家时，他已经离开了

[ when + 主系表 ]

        When Jeff was young, he was very thin.

        杰夫年轻的时候，他很瘦

[ when + there be ]

        When there were a lot of people in the bus, he lost his wallet.

        当公交车上有很多人时，他的钱包就丢了

[ when + 被动句 ]

        When he was hit by his father last night, he cried loudly.

        昨晚他被父亲打了时，他大声哭了起来

② 主句 一般现在时态，从句 一般现在时态

        When I am free, I always watch TV.

        当我有空的时候，我总是看电视

③ 主句 一般将来时态，从句 一般现在时态

        I will tell him your phone number when I see him.

        我一见到他就告诉他你的电话号码

注意：when 引导的时间状语从句很少出现 过去进行时态、过去完成时态、现在进行时态、现在完成时态，如果是 as 或 while 引导的时间状语从句，可以出现过去进行时态或现在进行时态

[ as / while 使用过去进行时态或现在进行时态 ]

注意：强调从句的谓语动作和复合句的谓语动作几乎同时进行

        As / while I was coming here, I met your brother.

        当我来这里的时候，我遇到了你的哥哥

        Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁

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[ after ...之后 / before ...之前 ]

注意：注意时态问题，主将从现

[ after / before + 主谓宾 ]

        After we found him, he had been on the floor.

        当我们找到他后，他就躺在地板上了

[ after / before + 主系表 ]

        She will marry you after you are rich.        主将从现

        等你有钱了，她就会嫁给你的

[ after / before + there be ]

        We run away before there are too many people here.

        我们在这里的人太多之前就逃跑了

[ after / before + 被动句 ]

        We found he before he was arrested.

        我们在他被捕之前找到了他

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[ since 自从... ]

注意：since引导的时间状语从句必须使用一般过去时态，其所在的复合句时态必须是完成时态(现在完成时态、过去完成时态、现在完成进行时态)

        since 构成的时间状语从句表示延续的时间概念，所以主句的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词

[ since + 主谓宾 ]

        Since she broke up with her boyfriend, she has been sad.

        自从她和男朋友分手后，她一直很伤心

[ since + 主系表 ]

        I have lived in my hometown since she was ten years old.

        我从她十岁起就住在家乡

[ since + there be ]

        Since there was a new teacher here, I have been learning English on line.

        自从这里有了一个新老师，我就一直在网上学习英语

[ since + 被动句 ]