手写迷你Spring框架

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随着不断地使用Spring,以及后续的Boot、cloud,不断的体会到这个拯救Java的生态体系的强大,也使我对于这个框架有了极大的好奇心,以至于产生了我为什么不能写一个这样的框架的思考。
通过自学及参考谭勇德(Tom)老师的《Spring 5核心原理》这本书,决定记录我手写Spring的过程,记录此系列博客 。
愿每个想探究Spring原理的人,学习道路一帆风顺

文章目录


Spring最初的时候,其功能远远不如现在强大,甚至我在看Spring最初版本的时候有种这就是所谓的Spring?的疑问,但随后便恍然大悟,我是站立在历史的下游,用后人的眼光去看前人的作品,当然有种站在制高点俯视的感觉,当我一步一步深入学习Spring的设计思想设计理念以及实现方式的时候,无不为前人那惊天地泣鬼神的思想所震撼。

话不多说进入主题:
正常的创建一个web项目就好

1 准备阶段——自定义配置

1.1 配置application.properties

为了解析方便,我们用application.properties来作为配置文件,内容很简单,如下:

scanPackage=com.gupaoedu.demo

1.2 配置web.xml文件

大家都知道,所有依赖于Web容器的项目都是从读取web.xml文件开始的。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
	version="2.4">
	<display-name>XiaoZhao Web Application</display-name>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>zhao mvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.xiaoZhao666.mvcframework.v1.servlet.DispatchServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>application.properties</param-value>
		</init-param>

		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>zhao mvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

其中DispatchServlet是模拟Spring实现的核心功能类

1.3 自定义注解

做就做全套,我们连注解也给他模拟了,在自己包下创建annotation包,下面用的注解都是咱们自己创建的

1.3.1 @Service

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Service 
    String value() default "";

1.3.2 @Autowired

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Autowired 
    String value() default "";

1.3.3 @Controller

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Controller 
    String value() default "";

1.3.4 @RequestMapping

@Target(ElementType.TYPE,ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface RequestMapping 
    String value() default "";


1.3.5 @RequestParam

@Target(ElementType.PARAMETER)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface RequestParam 
    String value() default "";

1.4 配置注解

配置业务实现类,此时文件结构如下

接口:

public interface IDemoService 
	
	String get(String name);
	

实现类:

/**
 * 核心业务逻辑
 */
@Service
public class DemoService implements IDemoService

	@Override
	public String get(String name) 
		return "My name is " + name + ",from service.";
	


配置请求入口DemoAction:

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class DemoAction 

  	@Autowired
	private IDemoService demoService;

	@RequestMapping("/query")
	public void query(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp,
					  @RequestParam("name") String name)
		String result = demoService.get(name);
		try 
			resp.getWriter().write(result);
		 catch (IOException e) 
			e.printStackTrace();
		
	

	@RequestMapping("/add")
	public void add(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp,
					@RequestParam("a") Integer a, @RequestParam("b") Integer b)
		try 
			resp.getWriter().write(a + "+" + b + "=" + (a + b));
		 catch (IOException e) 
			e.printStackTrace();
		
	

	@RequestMapping("/remove")
	public String  remove(@RequestParam("id") Integer id)
		return "" + id;
	


至此,我们的所有配置就算完成了。

2 容器初始化

2.1 实现Spring 1.0版本

1.0版本只是有了一些简单的逻辑,对于以前写Servlet的老同学来说,看着会无比亲切,这一块没啥好说的,Spring的底层就是Servlet嘛。
核心逻辑都在init方法里了,让我们迅速过度到下一阶段2.0版本

public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet 
    private Map<String,Object> mapping = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException this.doPost(req,resp);
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException 
        try 
            doDispatch(req,resp);
         catch (Exception e) 
            resp.getWriter().write("500 Exception " + Arrays.toString(e.getStackTrace()));
        
    
    private void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception 
        String url = req.getRequestURI();
        String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
        url = url.replace(contextPath, "").replaceAll("/+", "/");
        if(!this.mapping.containsKey(url))resp.getWriter().write("404 Not Found!!");return;
        Method method = (Method) this.mapping.get(url);
        Map<String,String[]> params = req.getParameterMap();
        method.invoke(this.mapping.get(method.getDeclaringClass().getName()),new Object[]req,resp,params.get("name")[0]);
    

    //当我晕车的时候,我就不去看源码了

    //init方法肯定干得的初始化的工作
    //inti首先我得初始化所有的相关的类,IOC容器、servletBean
    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException 
        InputStream is = null;
        try
            Properties configContext = new Properties();
            is = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(config.getInitParameter("contextConfigLocation"));
            configContext.load(is);
            String scanPackage = configContext.getProperty("scanPackage");
            doScanner(scanPackage);
            for (String className : mapping.keySet()) 
                if(!className.contains("."))continue;
                Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(className);
                if(clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Controller.class))
                    mapping.put(className,clazz.newInstance());
                    String baseUrl = "";
                    if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(RequestMapping.class)) 
                        RequestMapping requestMapping = clazz.getAnnotation(RequestMapping.class);
                        baseUrl = requestMapping.value();
                    
                    Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods();
                    for (Method method : methods) 
                        if (!method.isAnnotationPresent(RequestMapping.class))   continue; 
                        RequestMapping requestMapping = method.getAnnotation(RequestMapping.class);
                        String url = (baseUrl + "/" + requestMapping.value()).replaceAll("/+", "/");
                        mapping.put(url, method);
                        System.out.println("Mapped " + url + "," + method);
                    
                else if(clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Service.class))
                        Service service = clazz.getAnnotation(Service.class);
                        String beanName = service.value();
                        if("".equals(beanName))beanName = clazz.getName();
                        Object instance = clazz.newInstance();
                        mapping.put(beanName,instance);
                        for (Class<?> i : clazz.getInterfaces()) 
                            mapping.put(i.getName(),instance);
                        
                else continue;
            
            for (Object object : mapping.values()) 
                if(object == null)continue;
                Class clazz = object.getClass();
                if(clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Controller.class))
                    Field [] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
                    for (Field field : fields) 
                        if(!field.isAnnotationPresent(Autowired.class))continue; 
                        Autowired autowired = field.getAnnotation(Autowired.class);
                        String beanName = autowired.value();
                        if("".equals(beanName))beanName = field.getType().getName();
                        field.setAccessible(true);
                        try 
                            field.set(mapping.get(clazz.getName()),mapping.get(beanName));
                         catch (IllegalAccessException e) 
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        
                    
                
            
         catch (Exception e) 
        finally 
            if(is != null)
                try is.close(); catch (IOException e) 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                
            
        
        System.out.print("MVC Framework is init");
    
    private void doScanner(String scanPackage) 
        URL url = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("/" + scanPackage.replaceAll("\\\\.","/"));
        File classDir = new File(url.getFile());
        for (File file : classDir.listFiles()) 
            if(file.isDirectory()) doScanner(scanPackage + "." +  file.getName());else 
                if(!file.getName().endsWith(".class"))continue;
                String clazzName = (scanPackage + "." + file.getName().replace(".class",""));
                mapping.put(clazzName,null);
            
        
    

2.2 实现Spring 2.0版本

让我们迅速过度到2.0版本,改造1.0版本的DispatchServlet。
我们在1.0的版本上进行优化,加入Spring中使用的设计模式(工厂模式,单例模式,委派模式,策略模式),将init()方法中的代码进行封装。按照Spring框架的实现思路,先搭基础框架,再“填肉注血”,具体代码如下:

2.2.1 将init()方法中的代码进行改造

    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException 
        //1、加载配置文件
        doLoadConfig(config.getInitParameter("contextConfigLocation"));

        //2、扫描相关的类
        doScanner手写迷你 SpringMVC 框架

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