PG数据库安装​timescale数据库以及备份配置

Posted 2022-07-20 李石岩

1.PG数据库安装

系统版本​

数据库版本PG14.4​

1.1 依赖包安装

yum -y install libicu libicu-devel libxslt perl-libs python-psycopg2 expect​

rpm -ivh dwz-0.11-3.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh perl-srpm-macros-1-8.el7.noarch.rpm ​

rpm -ivh python-srpm-macros-3-34.el7.noarch.rpm ​

rpm -ivh python-rpm-macros-3-34.el7.noarch.rpm ​

rpm -ivh redhat-rpm-config-9.1.0-88.el7.centos.noarch.rpm ​

rpm -ivh tk-8.5.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

yum -y localinstall python3*​

rpm -ivh ncurses-devel-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh libedit-devel-3.0-12.20121213cvs.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

yum -y localinstall llvm5.0-*​

---> 软件包 llvm5.0.x86_64.0.5.0.1-7.el7 将被 安装​

---> 软件包 llvm5.0-devel.x86_64.0.5.0.1-7.el7 将被 安装​

---> 软件包 llvm5.0-libs.x86_64.0.5.0.1-7.el7 将被 安装​

rpm -ivh kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

yum -y localinstall glibc*​

--> 正在检查事务​

---> 软件包 glibc.x86_64.0.2.17-317.el7 将被 升级​

---> 软件包 glibc.x86_64.0.2.17-326.el7_9 将被 更新​

---> 软件包 glibc-common.x86_64.0.2.17-317.el7 将被 升级​

---> 软件包 glibc-common.x86_64.0.2.17-326.el7_9 将被 更新​

---> 软件包 glibc-devel.x86_64.0.2.17-326.el7_9 将被 安装​

---> 软件包 glibc-headers.x86_64.0.2.17-326.el7_9 将被 安装​

yum -y localinstall devtoolset-7*​

正在解决依赖关系​

--> 正在检查事务​

---> 软件包 devtoolset-7-binutils.x86_64.0.2.28-11.el7 将被 安装​

---> 软件包 devtoolset-7-gcc.x86_64.0.7.3.1-5.16.el7 将被 安装​

---> 软件包 devtoolset-7-gcc-c++.x86_64.0.7.3.1-5.16.el7 将被 安装​

---> 软件包 devtoolset-7-libstdc++-devel.x86_64.0.7.3.1-5.16.el7 将被 安装​

---> 软件包 devtoolset-7-runtime.x86_64.0.7.1-4.el7 将被 安装​

rpm -ivh llvm-toolset-7-runtime-5.0.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm5.0-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm5.0-libs-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm5.0-devel-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm-toolset-7-compiler-rt-5.0.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm-toolset-7-libomp-5.0.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh centos-release-scl-rh-2-3.el7.centos.noarch.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm-toolset-7-llvm-libs-5.0.1-8.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm-toolset-7-llvm-libs-5.0.1-8.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm-toolset-7-clang-libs-5.0.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh llvm-toolset-7-clang-5.0.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm ​

1.2数据库安装

rpm -ivh postgresql14-libs-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64​

rpm -ivh postgresql14-libs-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh postgresql14-server-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh postgresql14-contrib-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh postgresql14-devel-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm ​

rpm -ivh timescaledb_14-2.7.0-1.rhel7.x86_64.rpm​

1.3 设置环境变量

Su - postgres​

[postgres@timescale ~]-> cat .bash_profile ​

[ -f /etc/profile ] && source /etc/profile​

PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/14/data​

export PGDATA​

# If you want to customize your settings,​

# Use the file below. This is not overridden​

# by the RPMS.​

[ -f /var/lib/pgsql/.pgsql_profile ] && source /var/lib/pgsql/.pgsql_profile​

export PS1="[$USER@`/bin/hostname -s` \\W]-> "​

export PGPORT=5432​

export PGDATA=/zdata/pg/pgmain​

export LANG=en_US.utf8​

export PGHOME=/usr/pgsql-14​

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH​

export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"`​

export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH​

export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH​

export PGHOST=$PGDATA​

export PGUSER=postgres​

export PGDATABASE=postgres​

alias rm=rm -i​

alias ll=ls -lh​

alias vi=vim​

[postgres@timescale ~]-> ​

1.4 初始化数据库

postgres用户​

mkdir -p /zdata/dbbak/archivewal​

chown -R postgres:postgres /zdata/dbbak/archivewal​

initdb -D $PGDATA -U postgres -E UTF8 --lc-collate=C --lc-ctype=en_US.UTF8 -X /zdata/dbbak/archivewal -k​

注意-X /zdata/dbbak/archivewal 这个归档不配置，我们后续再配置，初始化用下面的配置。​

initdb -D $PGDATA -U postgres -E UTF8 --lc-collate=C --lc-ctype=en_US.UTF8 -k​

Root用户修改权限​

[root@timescale usr]# chown -R postgres.postgres /usr/pgsql-14/​

1.5 创建systemctl服务启动

[root@timescale xxx]# systemctl enable postgresql-14.service ​

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql-14.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-14.service.​

[root@timescale xxx]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-14.service​

[root@timescale xxx]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-14.service​

注意我们要修改​

Environment=PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/14/data/​

修改为​

#Environment=PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/14/data/​

Environment=PGDATA=/zdata/pg/pgmain/​

然后​

[root@timescale xxx]# systemctl daemon-reload ​

[root@timescale xxx]# systemctl start postgresql-14.service​

1.6 pg_hba.conf

[postgres@timescale pgmain]-> egrep -v ^[[:space:]]|^$|^# pg_hba.conf ​

local all all trust​

host all all 127.0.0.1/32 trust​

host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5​

host all all ::1/128 trust​

local replication all trust​

host replication all 127.0.0.1/32 trust​

host replication all ::1/128 trust​

[postgres@timescale pgmain]-> ​

1.7 postgresql.conf配置

shared_preload_libraries = timescaledb,pg_stat_statements这个必须有​

其他参数按照数据库标准参数配置​

2.用户安装

CREATE USER timescaler WITH PASSWORD timescaler login;​

Create database timescaledb;​

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE timescaledb TO timescaler;​

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON all tables in schema public TO timescaler;

​​timeseries=​​​​​# create extension timescaledb;                            # 方式一，添加 TimescaleDB 插件            ​​​

​​timeseries=​​​​# CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb CASCADE;      # 方式二，使用 TimescaleDB 扩展数据库​​

3.安装go环境

[root@timescale ~]# tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.18.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz ​

[root@timescale ~]# vim /etc/profile ​

[root@timescale ~]# tail -1 /etc/profile​

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin​

[root@timescale ~]# source /etc/profile​

4.安装timescaledb-parallel-copy

su - postgres​

# 临时启用Go Modules 功能​

$ export GO111MODULE=on​

# 临时设置 环境变量​

$ export GOPROXY=https://goproxy.io,direct​

# 还可以设置不走 proxy 的私有仓库或组，多个用逗号相隔​

$ export GOPRIVATE=git.mycompany.com,github.com/my/private​

go install github.com/timescale/timescaledb-parallel-copy/cmd/timescaledb-parallel-copy@latest​

[postgres@timescale ~]-> cd go/bin/​

[postgres@timescale bin]-> ls​

timescaledb-parallel-copy​

[postgres@timescale bin]-> ​

设置环境变量：​

export PATH=$PATH:/var/lib/pgsql/go/bin

注意：如果是离线安装的话，需要安装工具包，然后再进行安装。

​​​GitHub - timescale/timescaledb-toolkit: Extension for more hyperfunctions, fully compatible with TimescaleDB and PostgreSQL