面试官：Tomcat 在 SpringBoot 中是如何启动的

Posted 2023-04-03 Think_Higher

文章目录

• • 从 Main 方法说起
• 走进Tomcat内部

我们知道SpringBoot给我们带来了一个全新的开发体验，我们可以直接把web程序达成jar包，直接启动，这就得益于SpringBoot内置了容器，可以直接启动，本文将以Tomcat为例，来看看SpringBoot是如何启动Tomcat的，同时也将展开学习下Tomcat的源码，了解Tomcat的设计。

从 Main 方法说起

用过SpringBoot的人都知道，首先要写一个main方法来启动

@SpringBootApplication
public class TomcatdebugApplication 
   

    public static void main(

SpringBoot——嵌入式tomcat

面试官：知道线程池吗

我：知道啊，然后准备回答，线程池原理及实现流程

面试官打断：最近面试人挺多的，基本都知道原理，你给我讲讲keepAliveTime具体是怎样实现非核心线程过期回收的。

我：.....（黑人问号）

面试完，迫不及待的打开源码后，发现之前看源码已经看过线程过期后怎样销毁的，但主要是想弄懂线程复用的原理，所以没有注意。

前文源码学习：Java并发包中的线程池ThreadPoolExecutor

一、线程过期销毁

 1、Worker.run():线程池线程复用的原理

    final void runWorker(Worker w) {
        Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
        Runnable task = w.firstTask;
        w.firstTask = null;
        w.unlock(); //将state设置为0，允许中断 allow interrupts
        boolean completedAbruptly = true;
        try {
            //这里就是线程复用的实质，线程执行完提交的任务后，会不停从阻塞队列workerQueue中获取任务再执行
            //跳出这里的循环，线程就不会复用，执行完runWorker方法后会被销毁
            while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
                w.lock();//worker不可重入独占锁
                // 如果线程池正在停止Stopping，确保线程中断
                // 如果没有，确保线程没有被中断
                // 第二种情况需要复查处理
                // 清除中断时立即停止比赛
                if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                     (Thread.interrupted() &&
                      runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                    !wt.isInterrupted())
                    wt.interrupt();
                try {
                    //执行任务前操作--空方法预留扩展
                    beforeExecute(wt, task);
                    Throwable thrown = null;
                    try {
                        //实际的任务运行command.run()
                        task.run();
                    } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Error x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Throwable x) {
                        thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                    } finally {
                        //执行任务后操作--空方法预留扩展
                        afterExecute(task, thrown);
                    }
                } finally {
                    task = null;
                    //当前线程完成任务数更新++
                    w.completedTasks++;
                    w.unlock();
                }
            }
            completedAbruptly = false;
        } finally {
            //执行清理工作，
            //将当前线程完成任务数累加到总任务数上
            //从workerSet中删除当前工作线程
            //尝试终止线程池
            //如果当前线程个数小于核心个数，创建线程
            processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
        }
    }

2、线程过期销毁

    final void runWorker(Worker w) {
        Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
        //开始执行前会将work.firstTask = null,核心线程、非核心线程都是
        Runnable task = w.firstTask;
        w.firstTask = null;
        w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
        boolean completedAbruptly = true;
        try {
            //一次循环后task == null，所以线程过期销毁判断关键在于getTask()
            while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
                w.lock();
                if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                     (Thread.interrupted() &&
                      runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                    !wt.isInterrupted())
                    wt.interrupt();
                try {
                    beforeExecute(wt, task);
                    Throwable thrown = null;
                    try {
                        task.run();
                    } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Error x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Throwable x) {
                        thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                    } finally {
                        afterExecute(task, thrown);
                    }
                } finally {
                    //一次循环后task = null
                    task = null;
                    w.completedTasks++;
                    w.unlock();
                }
            }
            completedAbruptly = false;
        } finally {
            processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
        }
    }

ThreadPoolExecutor.getTask()

 private Runnable getTask() {
        boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out?

        for (;;) {
            int c = ctl.get();
            int rs = runStateOf(c);

            // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
            if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                //如果工作队列为空，线程池线程数减1，并返回null
                decrementWorkerCount();
                return null;
            }

            int wc = workerCountOf(c);

            //worker工作线程会不会被回收
            //① allowCoreThreadTimeOut == true,核心线程和非核心线程空闲keepAliveTime被销毁，workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
            //② allowCoreThreadTimeOut == false,非核心线程空闲keepAliveTIme销毁，workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
            //  ,核心线程会被阻塞，不会被销毁workQueue.take()
            boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize;

            if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut))
                && (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c))
                    return null;
                continue;
            }

            try {
                Runnable r = timed ?
                    workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
                    workQueue.take();
                if (r != null)
                    return r;
                timedOut = true;
            } catch (InterruptedException retry) {
                timedOut = false;
            }
        }
    }

所以keepAliveTime具体是怎样实现非核心线程过期销毁的，是个很简单的问题。有点后悔没答上来

workQueue队列为空，跳出循环，线程就会被销毁。具体代码通过阻塞队列workQueue(keepAliveTime，TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)实现控制线程存活时间的

线程销毁的两种场景：

① allowCoreThreadTimeOut == true,核心线程和非核心线程空闲keepAliveTime时被销毁，workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
② allowCoreThreadTimeOut == false,非核心线程空闲keepAliveTIme时被销毁，workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)

核心线程永不销毁的场景

① allowCoreThreadTimeOut == false，核心线程永不销毁。workQueue.take()阻塞当前线程。