Kubernetes 1.24 单节点安装

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IP

系统

172.16.4.184/16

Rocky Linux release 8.6 (Green Obsidian)

1、环境准备

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master
[root@k8s-master ~]# setenforce 0 && sed -i  s/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/ /etc/selinux/config
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl  stop firewalld  &&  systemctl  disable firewalld
[root@k8s-master ~]# swapoff -a && sed -i / swap / s/^\\(.*\\)$/#\\1/g /etc/fstab
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/hosts
172.16.4.184 k8s-master
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install ipvsadm ipset -y
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
ipvs_modules="ip_vs ip_vs_lc ip_vs_wlc ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_lblc ip_vs_lblcr ip_vs_dh ip_vs_sh ip_vs_fo ip_vs_nq ip_vs_sed ip_vs_ftp nf_conntrack"
for kernel_module in \\$ipvs_modules; do
    /sbin/modinfo -F filename \\$kernel_module > /dev/null 2>&1
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        /sbin/modprobe \\$kernel_module
    fi
done
EOF
[root@k8s-master ~]# chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep ip_vs
[root@k8s-master ~]# modprobe br_netfilter     # 开启内核转发
[root@k8s-master ~]# modprobe ip_conntrack     # 开启内核转发
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf 
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

2、安装containerd

# containerd工具包，包含cri runc等
wget

注意：containerd-1.6.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz 只包含containerd ​​cri-containerd-cni-1.6.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz​​ 包含containerd以及cri runc等相关工具包，建议下载本包

2.1、解压下载好的containerd

[root@k8s-master ~]# tar zxf cri-containerd-cni-1.6.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /
[root@k8s-master ~]# ctr version   # 查看containerd版本
Client:
  Version:  v1.6.6
  Revision: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
  Go version: go1.17.11

Server:
  Version:  v1.6.6
  Revision: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
  UUID: c579af64-e041-4436-bbc3-9674c1189857
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable containerd --now # 添加开机自启

2.2、配置containerd

[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir /etc/containerd -p
[root@k8s-master ~]# containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
#--config,-c可以在启动守护程序时更改此路径
#配置文件的默认路径位于/etc/containerd/config.toml
[root@k8s-master ~]# sed -i s/k8s.gcr.io/registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\\/abcdocker/ /etc/containerd/config.toml      # 替换数据源
[root@k8s-master ~]# sed -i s/SystemdCgroup \\= false/SystemdCgroup \\= true/ /etc/containerd/config.toml    # 配置systemd作为容器的cgroup driver
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start containerd
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status containerd

2.3、containerd 基本操作

镜像相关功能

Docker

Containerd

显示本地镜像列表

docker images

crictl images

下载镜像

docker pull

crictl pull

上传镜像

docker push

无

删除本地镜像

docker rmi

crictl rmi

查看镜像详情

docker inspect IMAGE-ID

crictl inspect IMAGE-ID

容器相关功能

Docker

Containerd

显示容器列表

docker ps

crictl ps

创建容器

docker create

crictl create

启动容器

docker start

crictl start

停止容器

docker stop

crictl stop

删除容器

docker rm

crictl rm

查看容器详情

docker inspect

crictl inspect

attach

docker attach

crictl attach

exec

docker exec

crictl exec

logs

docker logs

crictl logs

stats

docker stats

crictl stats

POD 相关功能

Docker

Containerd

显示 POD 列表

无

crictl pods

查看 POD 详情

无

crictl inspectp

运行 POD

无

crictl runp

停止 POD

无

crictl stopp

3、安装Kubernetes

3.1、配置kubernetes阿里源

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install -y kubelet-1.24.2 kubeadm-1.24.2 kubectl-1.24.2
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kubelet --now && systemctl start kubelet

ps: 由于官网未开放同步方式, 可能会有索引gpg检查失败的情况, 这时请用 ​​yum install -y --nogpgcheck kubelet kubeadm kubectl​​ 安装

3.2、配置 Kubeadm 文件

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm-init.yaml
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat kubeadm-init.yaml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
  - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
  token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
  ttl: 24h0m0s
  usages:
  - signing
  - authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
  advertiseAddress: 172.16.4.184  # 注意自己IP的地址
  bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
  criSocket: /var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
  imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  name: k8s-master
  taints: null
---
apiServer:
  timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: 
dns: 
  type: CoreDNS
etcd:
  local:
    dataDir: /data/etcd
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: 1.24.2
networking:
  dnsDomain: cluster.local
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
  serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
scheduler:

3.3、初始化Kubernetes，并配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubeadm init --config kubeadm-config.yaml 
[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@k8s-master ~]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master ~]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

3.4、配置 Kubernetes需要的网络

[root@k8s-master ~]# wget https://projectcalico.docs.tigera.io/manifests/calico.yaml
修改CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR，改成自己设置的pod地址范围
4442             - name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR
4443               value: "10.244.0.0/16"
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

4、验证集群状态是否正常

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS   ROLES           AGE   VERSION
k8s-master   Ready    control-plane   28m   v1.24.2
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE       NAME                                        READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system     calico-kube-controllers-6766647d54-bz5hw    1/1     Running     0          28m
kube-system     calico-node-5h9np                           1/1     Running     0          28m
kube-system     coredns-7f74c56694-6pjl4                    1/1     Running     0          28m
kube-system     coredns-7f74c56694-d5wsf                    1/1     Running     0          28m
kube-system     etcd-k8s-master                             1/1     Running     0          28m
kube-system     kube-apiserver-k8s-master                   1/1     Running     0          28m
kube-system     kube-controller-manager-k8s-master          1/1     Running     0          28m
kube-system     kube-proxy-5z5dj                            1/1     Running     0          28m
kube-system     kube-scheduler-k8s-master                   1/1     Running     0


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