NetCore3.1 制作windows服务

Posted 2022-06-25 陈大六

十年河东，十年河西，莫欺少年穷

学无止境，精益求精

本篇博客演示控制台程序发布为windows服务，涉及依赖注入，配置文件读取，backGroundService，及 timer

1、新建控制台程序 MyWindowsService

 

 

 2、添加Nuget引用 Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting、Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.WindowsServices

 

 

 3、新建类 MyService 并 继承自 BackgroundService

MyService继承BackgroundService 后，必须要重新实现ExecuteAsync方法，除了ExecuteAsync方法外，还有StartAsync 和 StopAsync 两个方法可用来重写

using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MyWindowsService

    public class MyService : BackgroundService
    
        private readonly ILogger<MyService> _logger;
        System.Timers.Timer timer1;
        public MyService(ILogger<MyService> logger)
        
            _logger = logger;
          
        

        public override Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        
            if (!cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
             
                timer1 = new System.Timers.Timer();
                timer1.Interval = 1000 * 1;  //设置计时器事件间隔执行时间  每隔1秒执行一次
                timer1.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(timer1_Elapsed);
                timer1.Enabled = true;
            
            return base.StartAsync(cancellationToken);
        
        /// <summary>
        ///  每一秒执行一次
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="stoppingToken"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
        
            while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            
                var now = DateTime.Now;
                Console.WriteLine("ExecuteAsync执行结果：" + now);
                await Task.Delay(1000, stoppingToken);
            
            //
            if (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            
                //只执行一次
                var now = DateTime.Now;
                Console.WriteLine("ExecuteAsync执行结果：" + now);
                await Task.Delay(1000, stoppingToken);
            
            if (stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            
                //不使用ExecuteAsync ，使用自定义的timer1
                var now = DateTime.Now;
                Console.WriteLine("ExecuteAsync执行结果：" + now);
                await Task.Delay(1000, stoppingToken);
            
        

        public override Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        
            timer1.Enabled = false;
            return base.StopAsync(cancellationToken);
        

        private void timer1_Elapsed(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)
        
            var now = DateTime.Now;
            Console.WriteLine("timer1_Elapsed执行结果：" + now);
        
    

View Code

4、添加appsettings.json文件

  "Logging": 
    "LogLevel": 
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    
  ,
  "myKey": "hello  windows  service"

5、Program.cs代码如下

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using System;

namespace MyWindowsService

    internal class Program
     
        static void Main(string[] args)
         
            CreateHostBuilder(args).Run();
        

        public static IHost CreateHostBuilder(string[] args)
        
            var builder = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
                 .ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) =>
                 
                     services.AddTransient<ITestD1, TestD1>();
                     services.AddHostedService<MyService>();
                 ).ConfigureAppConfiguration((hostContext, configApp) =>
                 
                     configApp.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json");
                 ).UseWindowsService();
            var host = builder.Build();
            using (var serviceScope = host.Services.CreateScope())
            
                var services = serviceScope.ServiceProvider;
                var myConfig = services.GetRequiredService<IConfiguration>();
                Console.WriteLine(myConfig.GetSection("mykey"));
                //其他类中获取
                var myService = services.GetRequiredService<ITestD1>();
                Console.WriteLine(myService.GetConfig("mykey"));
                // 
            
            return host;
        
    

    public interface ITestD1
    
        string GetConfig(string key);
    

    public class TestD1 : ITestD1
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 配置信息
        /// </summary>
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数的方式进行依赖注入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="configuration"></param>
        public TestD1(IConfiguration configuration)
        
            _configuration = configuration;
        

        public string GetConfig(string key)
        
            return _configuration.GetSection(key).Value;
        
    

6、发布控制台程序为windows服务

以管理员身份运行 cmd，打开cmd 窗口

执行如下命令

sc create MyWindowsService binPath="E:\\Project\\WuAnPolice\\MyWindowsService\\bin\\Debug\\netcoreapp3.1\\MyWindowsService.exe" DisplayName="MyWindowsService" start=auto

 

 然后到服务中去找 MyWindowsService，启动服务即可

 7、删除windows服务

将要删除的服务重置为禁用状态，然后执行如下指令

sc delete MyWindowsService

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