G020-OP-INS-RHEL-02 RedHat OpenStack 发放云主机（命令行）
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1 您需要了解
- 本篇采用 OpenStack 命令行进行操作
- 模拟弹性公网 EIP 地址段规划 ：采用和控制节点、计算节点及 NTP 节点同一网段即可，如：
192.168.45.0/24 - 模拟云主机私网 IP 地址段规划 ：自定义网段，如：
192.168.100.0/24 - RedHatOpenStack 环境可参考下方
G019博文进行搭建 - 文章中所提到的
公网或外网或弹性IP均为模拟网段，本环境特指192.168.45.0/24 - 发放云主机所使用的测试镜像
cirros-0.5.2-x86_64-disk.img可 点击这里 进行下载
2 环境配置
2.1 创建 BR-EX 虚拟交换机
- 创建 br-ex 网卡并修改如下
[root@controller ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@controller network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-eno16777736 ifcfg-br-ex
[root@controller network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-br-ex
[root@controller network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-br-ex
TYPE=OVSBridge
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=br-ex
UUID=c4fd661f-6ce8-4532-ad57-4653077fefa2
DEVICE=br-ex
DEVICETYPE=ovs
ONBOOT=yes
DNS1=192.168.45.1
IPADDR=192.168.45.150
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.45.1- 原网卡内容修改如下
[root@controller network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eno16777736
[root@controller network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno16777736
TYPE=OVSPort
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=eno16777736
UUID=c4fd661f-6ce8-4532-ad57-4653077fefa2
DEVICE=eno16777736
DEVICETYPE=ovs
OVS_BRIDGE=br-ex
ONBOOT=yes- 重启网络服务并查看 ovs
[root@controller network-scripts]# service network restart
Restarting network (via systemctl): [ OK ]
[root@controller network-scripts]# ovs-vsctl show2.2 创建用户环境变量文件
[root@controller ~]# cp keystonerc_admin keystonerc_cloudcs
[root@controller ~]# vim keystonerc_cloudcs
[root@controller ~]# cat keystonerc_cloudcs
export OS_USERNAME=cloudcs
export OS_TENANT_NAME=cloud
export OS_PASSWORD=redhat
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.45.150:5000/v2.0/
export OS_REGION_NAME=WuHan
export PS1=[\\u@\\h \\W(keystone_cloudcs)]\\$ 3 发放操作
3.1 创建租户（Keystone）
- 创建
[root@controller ~]# source keystonerc_admin
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# keystone tenant-create --name cloud --description cloud.tenant
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | cloud.tenant |
| enabled | True |
| id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
| name | cloud |
+-------------+----------------------------------+- 查看
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# keystone tenant-list
+----------------------------------+----------+---------+
| id | name | enabled |
+----------------------------------+----------+---------+
| 4f82f5364afd4b43bd617d9db95004ce | admin | True |
| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 | cloud | True |
| 56efa6dbc50a4fdab535867f5cf4af4c | services | True |
+----------------------------------+----------+---------+3.2 创建用户（Keystone）
- 创建
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# keystone user-create --name cloudcs --pass redhat --tenant cloud
+----------+----------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+----------+----------------------------------+
| email | |
| enabled | True |
| id | f95c9cbf86c14468bd1527b8b9bd6a9f |
| name | cloudcs |
| tenantId | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
| username | cloudcs |
+----------+----------------------------------+- 查看
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# keystone user-list
+----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+
| id | name | enabled | email |
+----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+
| 6ab83537adee422ab19b80285f3dc650 | admin | True | root@localhost |
| b9836d0742bf4846adbfa45a36b1326b | ceilometer | True | ceilometer@localhost |
| 299fb3d55cdb411f9e6567ba9d90c7b9 | cinder | True | cinder@localhost |
| f95c9cbf86c14468bd1527b8b9bd6a9f | cloudcs | True | |
| f8aeae7e02074fc193dbf73867df1f9b | glance | True | glance@localhost |
| 8006f7c5099b468385ed8b6c3280f0ff | neutron | True | neutron@localhost |
| 9c2e14eea3f04de5be6ad35f4af9c389 | nova | True | nova@localhost |
| 467ead4a5bd94b97bef80fc0a0e93540 | swift | True | swift@localhost |
+----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+3.3 创建镜像（Glance）
- 创建
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# ls /soft/
cirros-0.5.2-x86_64-disk.img
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# glance image-create \\
> --name cirros \\
> --disk-format qcow2 \\
> --container-format bare \\
> --file=/soft/cirros-0.5.2-x86_64-disk.img \\
> --is-public true --progress
[=============================>] 100%
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
| checksum | b874c39491a2377b8490f5f1e89761a4 |
| container_format | bare |
| created_at | 2022-05-13T01:13:54 |
| deleted | False |
| deleted_at | None |
| disk_format | qcow2 |
| id | 6a8eeae6-fae9-4665-ab32-684fda6a334f |
| is_public | True |
| min_disk | 0 |
| min_ram | 0 |
| name | cirros |
| owner | 4f82f5364afd4b43bd617d9db95004ce |
| protected | False |
| size | 16300544 |
| status | active |
| updated_at | 2022-05-13T01:13:54 |
| virtual_size | None |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+- 查看
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+
| ID | Name | Disk Format | Container Format | Size | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+
| 6a8eeae6-fae9-4665-ab32-684fda6a334f | cirros | qcow2 | bare | 16300544 | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+3.4 创建规格（Nova）
- 创建
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# nova flavor-create m2.tiny auto 2048 5 1
+--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 5b8a69da-76a8-494d-b605-7413689204de | m2.tiny | 2048 | 5 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+- 查看
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# nova flavor-list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True |
| 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True |
| 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True |
| 5b8a69da-76a8-494d-b605-7413689204de | m2.tiny | 2048 | 5 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+3.5 创建网络（Neutron）
3.5.1 创建公网
- 创建公网
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# source keystonerc_cloudcs
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-create public
Created a new network:
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| id | fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 |
| name | public |
| router:external | False |
| shared | False |
| status | ACTIVE |
| subnets | |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+--------+------------------------------------------------------+
| fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | public | 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 192.168.45.0/24 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+------------------------------------------------------+- 创建公网子网
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron subnet-create \\
> --name public_sub \\
> --allocation-pool start=192.168.45.230,end=192.168.45.240 \\
> --disable-dhcp \\
> --gateway 192.168.45.254 public 192.168.45.0/24
Created a new subnet:
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools | "start": "192.168.45.230", "end": "192.168.45.240" |
| cidr | 192.168.45.0/24 |
| dns_nameservers | |
| enable_dhcp | False |
| gateway_ip | 192.168.45.254 |
| host_routes | |
| id | 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 |
| ip_version | 4 |
| ipv6_address_mode | |
| ipv6_ra_mode | |
| name | public_sub |
| network_id | fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron subnet-list
+--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | cidr | allocation_pools |
+--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 | public_sub | 192.168.45.0/24 | "start": "192.168.45.230", "end": "192.168.45.240" |
+--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+- 将网络更新为共享的和外部的
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# source keystonerc_admin
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# neutron net-update --shared=true --router:external=true public
Updated network: public
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# neutron net-show public
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| id | fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 |
| name | public |
| provider:network_type | vxlan |
| provider:physical_network | |
| provider:segmentation_id | 10 |
| router:external | True |
| shared | True |
| status | ACTIVE |
| subnets | 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+3.5.2 创建私网
- 创建私网
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# source keystonerc_cloudcs
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-create private
Created a new network:
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| id | e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d |
| name | private |
| router:external | False |
| shared | False |
| status | ACTIVE |
| subnets | |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+- 创建私网子网
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron subnet-create --name private_sub --enable-dhcp private 192.168.100.0/24
Created a new subnet:
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools | "start": "192.168.100.2", "end": "192.168.100.254" |
| cidr | 192.168.100.0/24 |
| dns_nameservers | |
| enable_dhcp | True |
| gateway_ip | 192.168.100.1 |
| host_routes | |
| id | 82a5961c-4cda-43e1-b464-445079d14c42 |
| ip_version | 4 |
| ipv6_address_mode | |
| ipv6_ra_mode | |
| name | private_sub |
| network_id | e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-list
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | public | 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 192.168.45.0/24 |
| e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d | private | 82a5961c-4cda-43e1-b464-445079d14c42 192.168.100.0/24 |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron subnet-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | cidr | allocation_pools |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 | public_sub | 192.168.45.0/24 | "start": "192.168.45.230", "end": "192.168.45.240" |
| 82a5961c-4cda-43e1-b464-445079d14c42 | private_sub | 192.168.100.0/24 | "start": "192.168.100.2", "end": "192.168.100.254" |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
3.5.3 创建路由
- 创建路由
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron router-create router01
Created a new router:
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| external_gateway_info | |
| id | 3dd25c07-7b77-48e0-ae24-9b3a162b3df7 |
| name | router01 |
| routes | |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron router-list
+--------------------------------------+----------+-----------------------+
| id | name | external_gateway_info |
+--------------------------------------+----------+-----------------------+
| 3dd25c07-7b77-48e0-ae24-9b3a162b3df7 | router01 | null |
+--------------------------------------+----------+-----------------------+- 设置网关
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron router-gateway-set router01 public
Set gateway for router router01- 设置路由接口
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron router-interface-add router01 private_sub
Added interface 05534215-7af5-4248-8903-f3e038cdefbd to router router01.3.6 创建安全组（Neutron）
- 创建安全组
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-create sec01
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-list
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+
| id | name | description |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+
| 90fc7f5d-8458-49b6-8cd3-489ea8a6d3e7 | sec01 | |
| 93737ddb-4750-469f-9946-8af3fb6e2f81 | default | default |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+- 设置安全组规则，添加入方向 icmp（ping） 及 22（ssh） 端口
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-rule-create --direction ingress --protocol icmp sec01
Created a new security_group_rule:
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| direction | ingress |
| ethertype | IPv4 |
| id | 4c5d001a-93fa-4a13-bd53-dd4df135eb92 |
| port_range_max | |
| port_range_min | |
| protocol | icmp |
| remote_group_id | |
| remote_ip_prefix | |
| security_group_id | 90fc7f5d-8458-49b6-8cd3-489ea8a6d3e7 |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-rule-create --direction ingress --protocol tcp --port-range-min 22 --port-range-max 22 sec01
Created a new security_group_rule:
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| direction | ingress |
| ethertype | IPv4 |
| id | 6da3efb0-9190-4506-a475-264489dd7453 |
| port_range_max | 22 |
| port_range_min | 22 |
| protocol | tcp |
| remote_group_id | |
| remote_ip_prefix | |
| security_group_id | 90fc7f5d-8458-49b6-8cd3-489ea8a6d3e7 |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-rule-list
+--------------------------------------+----------------+-----------+----------+------------------+--------------+
| id | security_group | direction | protocol | remote_ip_prefix | remote_group |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+-----------+----------+------------------+--------------+
| 2e75fd97-cd8b-48fd-b82a-5b563a32dc4e | sec01 | egress | | | |
| 46a11379-afe2-4873-8768-e43ca55887e3 | default | ingress | | | default |
| 4c5d001a-93fa-4a13-bd53-dd4df135eb92 | sec01 | ingress | icmp | | |
| 620144c0-5d45-4605-8855-562e7c8c6a89 | default | ingress | | | default |
| 6da3efb0-9190-4506-a475-264489dd7453 | sec01 | ingress | tcp | | |
| 8b9fb51a-e8ed-4963-b8d5-3545e4b133f9 | default | egress | | | |
| cd3c2347-915f-4545-af4b-7f30da58cfb5 | default | egress | | | |
| d4f1cefd-f604-43e7-8124-ea93661a810c | sec01 | egress | | | |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+-----------+----------+------------------+--------------+3.7 创建密钥（Nova）
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova keypair-add key01 > key01.pem
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Downloads key01.pem keystonerc_cloudcs Music Public Videos
cloudcs.txt Documents initial-setup-ks.cfg keystonerc_admin keystonerc_user Pictures Templates3.8 创建云主机（Nova）
3.8.1 获取所需信息
- 获取规格
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova flavor-list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True |
| 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True |
| 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True |
| 5b8a69da-76a8-494d-b605-7413689204de | m2.tiny | 2048 | 5 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+- 获取镜像
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+
| ID | Name | Disk Format | Container Format | Size | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+
| 6a8eeae6-fae9-4665-ab32-684fda6a334f | cirros | qcow2 | bare | 16300544 | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+- 获取密钥
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova keypair-list
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Name | Fingerprint |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+
| key01 | 69:d5:8c:63:b1:f6:fe:3f:f6:60:fe:11:7c:9a:87:dd |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+- 获取安全组
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-list
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+
| id | name | description |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+
| 90fc7f5d-8458-49b6-8cd3-489ea8a6d3e7 | sec01 | |
| 93737ddb-4750-469f-9946-8af3fb6e2f81 | default | default |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+- 获取私网 net-id
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-list
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | public | 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 192.168.45.0/24 |
| e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d | private | 82a5961c-4cda-43e1-b464-445079d14c42 192.168.100.0/24 |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+3.8.2 创建云主机
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova boot \\
> --flavor m2.tiny \\
> --image cirros \\
> --min-count 1 \\
> --key-name key01 \\
> --security-groups sec01 \\
> --nic net-id=e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d ecs01
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | gL6QDnAcTedj |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2022-05-13T02:29:08Z |
| flavor | m2.tiny (5b8a69da-76a8-494d-b605-7413689204de) |
| hostId | |
| id | 342631e7-e540-45e0-b79b-e487f811a01e |
| image | cirros (6a8eeae6-fae9-4665-ab32-684fda6a334f) |
| key_name | key01 |
| metadata | |
| name | ecs01 |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | sec01 |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
| updated | 2022-05-13T02:29:08Z |
| user_id | f95c9cbf86c14468bd1527b8b9bd6a9f |
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------------+
| 342631e7-e540-45e0-b79b-e487f811a01e | ecs01 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=192.168.100.2 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------------+3.9 绑定浮动IP
3.9.1 申请浮动 IP（Neutron）
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron floatingip-create public
Created a new floatingip:
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| fixed_ip_address | |
| floating_ip_address | 192.168.45.231 |
| floating_network_id | fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 |
| id | e13cdca7-1314-4f88-a080-acc98d6b57a2 |
| port_id | |
| router_id | |
| status | DOWN |
| tenant_id | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron floatingip-list
+--------------------------------------+------------------+---------------------+---------+
| id | fixed_ip_address | floating_ip_address | port_id |
+--------------------------------------+------------------+---------------------+---------+
| e13cdca7-1314-4f88-a080-acc98d6b57a2 | | 192.168.45.231 | |
+--------------------------------------+------------------+---------------------+---------+3.9.2 绑定浮动 IP（Nova）
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova floating-ip-associate ecs01 192.168.45.231
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| 342631e7-e540-45e0-b79b-e487f811a01e | ecs01 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=192.168.100.2, 192.168.45.231 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------------+- 宿主机尝试 ping
C:\\Users\\cloudcs>ping 192.168.45.231
正在 Ping 192.168.45.231 具有 32 字节的数据:
来自 192.168.45.231 的回复: 字节=32 时间=3ms TTL=63
来自 192.168.45.231 的回复: 字节=32 时间=1ms TTL=63
来自 192.168.45.231 的回复: 字节=32 时间=2ms TTL=63
来自 192.168.45.231 的回复: 字节=32 时间=4ms TTL=63
192.168.45.231 的 Ping 统计信息:
数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，
往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
最短 = 1ms，最长 = 4ms，平均 = 2ms
## 3.10 绑定云硬盘
### 3.10.1 申请云硬盘（Cinder）
```shell
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# cinder create --display-name evs01 2
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| attachments | [] |
| availability_zone | nova |
| bootable | false |
| created_at | 2022-05-13T02:41:44.744620 |
| display_description | None |
| display_name | evs01 |
| encrypted | False |
| id | 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 |
| metadata | |
| size | 2 |
| snapshot_id | None |
| source_volid | None |
| status | creating |
| volume_type | None |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# cinder list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| ID | Status | Display Name | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 | available | evs01 | 2 | None | false | |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+3.10.2 附加云硬盘（Nova）
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova volume-attach ecs01 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6
+----------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+----------+--------------------------------------+
| device | /dev/vdb |
| id | 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 |
| serverId | 342631e7-e540-45e0-b79b-e487f811a01e |
| volumeId | 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 |
+----------+--------------------------------------+4 登录操作
4.1 登录云主机
[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# ssh -i key01.pem cirros@192.168.45.231
The authenticity of host 192.168.45.231 (192.168.45.231) cant be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is f4:01:49:1e:4b:99:77:b1:80:45:53:6f:b9:c1:ae:9e.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 192.168.45.231 (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
$ sudo -i
# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1400 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether fa:16:3e:c8:25:c0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.2/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fec8:25c0/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever4.2 使用云硬盘
4.2.1 格式化云硬盘
- 查看
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 92674365-8FD5-41C2-B173-9F3F1E3BA5A1
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/vda1 18432 10485726 10467295 5G Linux filesystem
/dev/vda15 2048 18431 16384 8M EFI System
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
Disk /dev/vdb: 2 GiB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes- 创建分区
# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.33).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x0a2fc205.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p):
Using default response p.
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-4194303, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-sizeK,M,G,T,P (2048-4194303, default 4194303):
Created a new partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.- 格式化
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs 1.44.5 (15-Dec-2018)
Creating filesystem with 524032 4k blocks and 131072 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 0626ceb7-4e89-476a-b2f8-391455bc1e77
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done4.2.2 创建文件系统
# mkdir /data
# mount /dev/vdb1 /data/
# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev devtmpfs 986.7M 0 986.7M 0% /dev
/dev/vda1 ext3 4.9G 31.5M 4.7G 1% /
tmpfs tmpfs 993.8M 0 993.8M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 993.8M 84.0K 993.7M 0% /run
/dev/vdb1 ext3 1.9G 3.0M 1.8G 0% /data- END
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