Docker容器管理命令

Posted 2022-04-20 青衫解衣

批量删除docker 容器

[root@harbor <sub>]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS      NAMES
8c4f2e386534   redis     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   3 seconds ago    Up 2 seconds    6379/tcp   redis
7247a5d0942b   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   12 seconds ago   Up 10 seconds   80/tcp     nginx

[root@harbor </sub>]# docker ps -q
8c4f2e386534
7247a5d0942b

[root@harbor <sub>]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -q)
8c4f2e386534 
7247a5d0942b
[root@harbor </sub>]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@harbor ~]# 

​

docker cp命令

docker cp :用于容器与主机之间的数据拷贝。

语法

docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH|-
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH|- CONTAINER:DEST_PATH

OPTIONS说明：

• -L :保持源目标中的链接

将容器中的文件cp到当前主机

[root@harbor opt]# docker cp nginx:/etc/passwd .

将主机的文件复制到容器nginx的/tmp目录下

[root@harbor opt]# docker cp passwd nginx:/tmp/
[root@harbor opt]# docker exec -it nginx ls -l /tmp/
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 976 Dec 29 19:28 passwd

docker commit命令

说明:从容器生成新镜像。
语法

docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

OPTIONS说明：

• -a :提交的镜像作者；
• -c :使用Dockerfile指令来创建镜像；
• -m :提交时的说明文字；
• -p :在​​commit​​时，将容器暂停。

[root@harbor <sub>]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS      NAMES
6ab66f6aed9f   redis     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   7 minutes ago   Up 7 minutes   6379/tcp   redis
[root@harbor </sub>]# docker exec -it redis /bin/bash
root@6ab66f6aed9f:/data# ls
1.txt
root@6ab66f6aed9f:/data# cd /home/
root@6ab66f6aed9f:/home# ls
root@6ab66f6aed9f:/home# touch 1.txt
root@6ab66f6aed9f:/home# exit
exit
[root@harbor <sub>]# docker commit -m "touch file" redis myredis:v1
sha256:dfeb33a0971400845a90e0ec0df60e7ca9c4ac9e728235ebc997725e14d74a24
[root@harbor </sub>]# docker run -d --name "redis2" myredis:v1
09c41b30991e12ac470927b7778dddb8ea004aba66b7b57fcb486dda275d8a93
[root@harbor <sub>]# docker exec redis2 ls /home
1.txt
[root@harbor </sub>]# docker exec redis2 ls /data

注意:docker commit并不会提交数据,/data目录是挂载目录，里面创建的文件在commit之后，新镜像也是么有的。

docker容器端口映射

-P参数:随机端口映射

[root@harbor <sub>]# docker run -d -P --name nginx nginx
2398c4881afd36a410e5b685898ef5c530612e2a6dd3aa014c9a1bd16eeefee1
[root@harbor </sub>]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                     NAMES
2398c4881afd   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 seconds ago   Up 2 seconds   0.0.0.0:49153->80/tcp, :::49153->80/tcp   nginx
[root@harbor <sub>]# docker run -d -P --name redis redis
b925781beee51d8390c130305ab56c3c7bc3f1979ac67ae8bdcd8688629af4ec
[root@harbor </sub>]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                         NAMES
b925781beee5   redis     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   4 seconds ago    Up 2 seconds    0.0.0.0:49154->6379/tcp, :::49154->6379/tcp   redis
2398c4881afd   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   34 seconds ago   Up 32 seconds   0.0.0.0:49153->80/tcp, :::49153->80/tcp       nginx

-p参数:指定端口映射

[root@harbor <sub>]# docker run -d -p 8080:80  --name nginx nginx
037abee1f783b01258cc28c7f3cb9967ce12df02ba607fdb56c7f075cbfab920
[root@harbor </sub>]# docker run -d -p 8081:80  --name nginx1 nginx
61ead3c51c9dcc4d7d60743c36bc425cbc1ef14a9a038c7875dd93fb724cee65
[root@harbor ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS                                   NAMES
61ead3c51c9d   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 seconds ago    Up 2 seconds   0.0.0.0:8081->80/tcp, :::8081->80/tcp   nginx1
037abee1f783   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   10 seconds ago   Up 9 seconds   0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp, :::8080->80/tcp   nginx

​

Docker top 命令

说明:
查看运行容器中的进程
用法

docker top CONTAINER [ps OPTIONS]

[root@harbor <sub>]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS          PORTS                                   NAMES
6f0ca9e76701   redis     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   3 minutes ago   Up 8 seconds    6379/tcp                                redis
037abee1f783   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 hours ago     Up 11 seconds   0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp, :::8080->80/tcp   nginx
[root@harbor </sub>]# docker top redis
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
polkitd             14694               14674               0                   23:39               ?                   00:00:00            redis-server *:6379
[root@harbor ~]# docker top nginx
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                14606               14585               0                   23:39               ?                   00:00:00            nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
101                 14651               14606               0                   23:39               ?                   00:00:00            nginx: worker process
101                 14652               14606               0                   23:39               ?                   00:00:00            nginx: worker process

Docker logs 命令

说明:获取容器的日志
语法

docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

OPTIONS说明：

• -f :跟踪日志输出
• --since :显示某个开始时间的所有日志
• -t :显示时间戳
• --tail :仅列出最新N条容器日志

[root@harbor ~]# docker logs -tf redis
2022-03-31T15:36:21.702734999Z 1:C 31 Mar 2022 15:36:21.702 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
2022-03-31T15:36:21.702786593Z 1:C 31 Mar 2022 15:36:21.702 # Redis version=6.2.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=1, just started
2022-03-31T15:36:21.702793366Z 1:C 31 Mar 2022 15:36:21.702 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
2022-03-31T15:36:21.703813687Z 1:M 31 Mar 2022 15:36:21.703 * monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
2022-03-31T15:36:21.704600751Z 1:M 31 Mar 2022 15:36:21.704 * Running mode=standalone, port=6379.

--tail参数使用

[root@harbor ~]# docker logs -tf --tail 2 redis
2022-03-31T15:39:18.098456426Z 1:M 31 Mar 2022 15:39:18.098 * DB loaded from disk: 0.000 seconds
2022-03-31T15:39:18.098459753Z 1:M 31 Mar 2022 15:39:18.098 * Ready to accept connections

--tail 参数在前在后都可以。

[root@harbor ~]# docker logs -tf  redis --tail 2
2022-03-31T15:39:18.098456426Z 1:M 31 Mar 2022 15:39:18.098 * DB loaded from disk: 0.000 seconds
2022-03-31T15:39:18.098459753Z 1:M 31 Mar 2022 15:39:18.098 * Ready to accept connections

Docker rename命令

说明:容器重命名
语法:docker rename 旧容器name 新容器name

[root@harbor tmp]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS        PORTS      NAMES
00bd9bf582ff   redis:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   57 minutes ago   Up 1 second   6379/tcp   redis
[root@harbor tmp]# docker rename redis myredis
[root@harbor tmp]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS      NAMES
00bd9bf582ff   redis:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   58 minutes ago   Up 24 seconds   6379/tcp   myredis