#yyds干货盘点#spring-cloud-kubernetes与k8s的configmap
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关于SpringCloud Config
- 如果您开发过SpringCloud应用,相信您对SpringCloud Config不会陌生,在微服务环境中,业务应用可以从config server获取所需的配置信息,如下图所示:
关于kubernetes的configmap
- 这是kubernetes提供的基本服务之一,创建一个configmap资源,对应着一份配置文件,可以将该资源通过数据卷的形式映射到Pod上,这样Pod就能用上这个配置文件了,如下图:
spring-cloud-kubernetes带来的礼物
-
==spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes-config==是spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes框架下的一个库,作用是将kubernetes的configmap与SpringCloud Config结合起来,通过spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes-config,我们的应用就像在通过SpringCloud Config取得配置信息,只不过这里的配置信息来自kubernetes的configmap,而不是SpringCloud Config server,如下图所示:
- 理论上的准备工作已经差不多了,接下来通过实战来展示spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes-config的神奇之处;
源码下载
- 如果您不打算写代码,也可以从GitHub上下载本次实战的源码,地址和链接信息如下表所示:
名称 | 链接 | 备注 |
---|---|---|
项目主页 | https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos | 该项目在GitHub上的主页 |
git仓库地址(https) | https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos.git | 该项目源码的仓库地址,https协议 |
git仓库地址(ssh) | git@github.com:zq2599/blog_demos.git | 该项目源码的仓库地址,ssh协议 |
</br>
-这个git项目中有多个文件夹,本章的应用在springcloudk8sconfigdemo文件夹下,如下图所示:
环境信息
- 本次实战的环境和版本信息如下:
- 操作系统:CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810
- minikube:1.1.1
- Java:1.8.0_191
- Maven:3.6.0
- fabric8-maven-plugin插件:3.5.37
- spring-cloud-kubernetes:1.0.1.RELEASE
- springboot:2.1.6.RELEASE
- 准备完毕,可以开始实战啦!
编码
-
通过maven创建名为springcloudk8sconfigdemo的springboot工程,pom.xml内容如下,要注意的是新增了依赖==spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes-config==,这是本次实战的重点:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.bolingcavalry</groupId> <artifactId>springcloudk8sconfigdemo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springcloudk8sconfigdemo</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-boot.version>2.1.6.RELEASE</spring-boot.version> <maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnError>false</maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnError> <maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnViolation>false</maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnViolation> <maven-checkstyle-plugin.includeTestSourceDirectory>false</maven-checkstyle-plugin.includeTestSourceDirectory> <maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.5</maven-compiler-plugin.version> <maven-deploy-plugin.version>2.8.2</maven-deploy-plugin.version> <maven-failsafe-plugin.version>2.18.1</maven-failsafe-plugin.version> <maven-surefire-plugin.version>2.21.0</maven-surefire-plugin.version> <fabric8.maven.plugin.version>3.5.37</fabric8.maven.plugin.version> <springcloud.kubernetes.version>1.0.1.RELEASE</springcloud.kubernetes.version> <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes-config</artifactId> <version>$springcloud.kubernetes.version</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>$spring-cloud.version</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>$spring-boot.version</version> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>repackage</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> <plugin> <!--skip deploy --> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>$maven-deploy-plugin.version</version> <configuration> <skip>true</skip> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>$maven-surefire-plugin.version</version> <configuration> <skipTests>true</skipTests> <!-- Workaround for https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SUREFIRE-1588 --> <useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>io.fabric8</groupId> <artifactId>fabric8-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>$fabric8.maven.plugin.version</version> <executions> <execution> <id>fmp</id> <goals> <goal>resource</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <profiles> <profile> <id>kubernetes</id> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>io.fabric8</groupId> <artifactId>fabric8-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>$fabric8.maven.plugin.version</version> <executions> <execution> <id>fmp</id> <goals> <goal>resource</goal> <goal>build</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> <configuration> <enricher> <config> <fmp-service> <type>NodePort</type> </fmp-service> </config> </enricher> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </profile> </profiles> </project>
- 项目的src\\main\\resources路径下不要创建application.yml文件,只创建名为bootstrap.yml的文件,内容如下:
spring: application: name: springcloudk8sconfigdemo cloud: kubernetes: config: sources: - name: $spring.application.name namespace: default
可见新增了配置项spring.cloud.kubernetes.config.source.name和spring.cloud.kubernetes.config.source.namespace,用于配置信息来源于kubernetes的哪个namespace下的哪个configmap;
- 增加一个配置类DummyConfig.java,注解ConfigurationProperties的prefix="greeting"表示该类用到的配置项都是名为"greeting"的配置项的子内容 :
package com.bolingcavalry.springcloudk8sconfigdemo;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "greeting")
public class DummyConfig
private String message = "This is a dummy message";
public String getMessage()
return this.message;
public void setMessage(String message)
this.message = message;
4. 启动类Springcloudk8sconfigdemoApplication.java,简单起见,将用于验证配置项是否生效的web接口也写在了这里面,即hello方法 :
```java
package com.bolingcavalry.springcloudk8sconfigdemo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
@EnableConfigurationProperties(DummyConfig.class)
public class Springcloudk8sconfigdemoApplication
@Autowired
private DummyConfig dummyConfig;
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello()
return dummyConfig.getMessage()
+ " ["
+ new SimpleDateFormat().format(new Date())
+ "]";
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(Springcloudk8sconfigdemoApplication.class, args);
- 以上就是实战工程的所有代码了,仅仅只是引入了spring-cloud-kubernetes-config的依赖,以及在启动配置文件中指定了configmap的信息,即完成了获取配置文件的所有操作,至于代码中用到配置文件的地方,和使用SpringCloud Config并无差别。
解决权限问题
- 我这里的是minikube,在部署了应用之后,默认的serviceaccount是没有权限访问K8S的API Server资源的,执行以下命令可以提升权限:
kubectl create clusterrolebinding permissive-binding \\ --clusterrole=cluster-admin \\ --user=admin \\ --user=kubelet \\ --group=system:serviceaccounts
- 注意:以上办法只能用于开发和测试环境,不要用在生产环境,生产环境应参考Kubernetes的RBAC授权相关设置来处理,步骤如下:
- 创建role:
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: Role metadata: namespace: default name: pod-reader rules: - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["pods","configmaps"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"]
- 创建ServiceAccount:
apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: config-reader namespace: default
- 绑定Role和ServiceAccount:
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: RoleBinding metadata: name: pod-reader namespace: default roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Role name: pod-reader subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: config-reader namespace: default
- 在deployment中指定上面的ServiceAccount;
- 创建role:
验证
- 接下来我们在kubernetes环境创建configmap,再将springcloudk8sconfigdemo在kubernetes部署和启动,通过springcloudk8sconfigdemo提供的http接口验证应用是否已经从configmap中取得指定的配置;
- 在kubernetes环境新建名为springcloudk8sconfigdemo.yml的文件,内容如下:
kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: springcloudk8sconfigdemo data: application.yml: |- greeting: message: Say Hello to the World farewell: message: Say Goodbye --- spring: profiles: development greeting: message: Say Hello to the Developers farewell: message: Say Goodbye to the Developers --- spring: profiles: production greeting: message: Say Hello to the Ops
- 在springcloudk8sconfigdemo.yml文件所在目录执行以下命令,即可在kubernetes创建名为的configmap的资源:
kubectl apply -f springcloudk8sconfigdemo.yml
- 在springcloudk8sconfigdemo项目的pom.xml文件所在目录,执行以下命令,即可编译构建部署全部完成:
mvn clean install fabric8:deploy -Dfabric8.generator.from=fabric8/java-jboss-openjdk8-jdk -Pkubernetes
- 在kubernetes环境新建名为springcloudk8sconfigdemo.yml的文件,内容如下:
- 操作成功后的控制台信息如下:
[INFO] Installing /usr/local/work/k8s/springcloudk8sconfigdemo/target/classes/META-INF/fabric8/kubernetes.json to /root/.m2/repository/com/bolingcavalry/springcloudk8sconfigdemo/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/springcloudk8sconfigdemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-kubernetes.json [INFO] [INFO] <<< fabric8-maven-plugin:3.5.37:deploy (default-cli) < install @ springcloudk8sconfigdemo <<< [INFO] [INFO] [INFO] --- fabric8-maven-plugin:3.5.37:deploy (default-cli) @ springcloudk8sconfigdemo --- [INFO] F8: Using Kubernetes at https://192.168.121.133:8443/ in namespace default with manifest /usr/local/work/k8s/springcloudk8sconfigdemo/target/classes/META-INF/fabric8/kubernetes.yml [INFO] Using namespace: default [INFO] Updating a Service from kubernetes.yml [INFO] Updated Service: target/fabric8/applyJson/default/service-springcloudk8sconfigdemo.json [INFO] Using namespace: default [INFO] Updating Deployment from kubernetes.yml [INFO] Updated Deployment: target/fabric8/applyJson/default/deployment-springcloudk8sconfigdemo.json [INFO] F8: HINT: Use the command `kubectl get pods -w` to watch your pods start up [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 13.538 s [INFO] Finished at: 2019-07-14T17:06:25+08:00 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 如果您的环境也是minikube,可以执行以下命令查看服务地址:
minikube service springcloudk8sconfigdemo --url
得到服务地址是:http://192.168.121.133:31646
- 浏览器访问地址:http://192.168.121.133:31646/hello ,得到响应如下图,可见已经从configmap取得了配置文件,并且加载成功:
- 如果您的环境也是minikube,可以执行以下命令查看服务地址:
修改profile
- 前面的实战没有指定springboot工程的profile,接下来指定profile为development,看能否加载到配置文件中指定的配置,如下图红框所示:
- 修改项目的src\\main\\resources路径下的bootstrap.yml文件,增加配置项spring.profiles.active,修改后的完整内容如下:
spring: application: name: springcloudk8sconfigdemo profiles: active: development cloud: kubernetes: config: sources: - name: $spring.application.name namespace: default
- 在springcloudk8sconfigdemo项目的pom.xml文件所在目录,执行以下命令,即可编译构建部署全部完成:
mvn clean install fabric8:deploy -Dfabric8.generator.from=fabric8/java-jboss-openjdk8-jdk -Pkubernetes
- 如果您的环境也是minikube,可以执行以下命令查看服务地址:
minikube service springcloudk8sconfigdemo --url
得到服务地址是:http://192.168.121.133:30659
- 浏览器访问地址:http://192.168.121.133:30659/hello ,得到响应如下图,可见已经从configmap取得了指定profile的配置文件,并且加载成功:
- 至此,spring-cloud-kubernetes与k8s的configmap的实战就完成了,我们可以发现借助spring-cloud-kubernetes-config的神奇能力,曾经使用SpringCloud Config来配置的应用几乎不用修改代码,仅仅调整了配置和依赖,就能顺利迁移到kubernetes之上,直接使用原生的配置服务,并且SpringCloud Config Server也可以不用在kubernetes上部署了,再次感受到SpringCloud设计的前瞻性。
一点遗憾
- 虽然我们的应用已经成功从configmap取得配置信息,但遗憾的是,configmap的配置信息被修改后,这些修改是无法实时同步到我们的应用的,只能重启应用来重现获取配置,为了解决这个问题,请参考本系列的下一篇 《spring-cloud-kubernetes自动同步k8s的configmap更新》
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