Openstack上虚拟机IP地址修改

Posted 2023-03-20

1、背景

虚拟机崩溃无法恢复时，部分业务系统需要使用原有IP才能恢复，故整理如下修改IP的方法。（操作期间服务器关机）

2、查找你要修改ip地址（172.16.0.2）的网卡id，本文修改ip地址为172.16.0.1的网卡

. admin-openrc
neutron port-list | grep 172.16.0.2

3、允许IP地址为172.16.0.1通过

neutron port-update d256fda2-5dee-4e05-8c0e-ef1a89390686 --allowed-address-pairs type=dict list=true ip_address=172.16.0.1

4、进入mysql数据库，修改数据

use neutron;
select * from ipallocations where port_id= d256fda2-5dee-4e05-8c0e-ef1a89390686 ; 该port_id是之前查找的网卡id
update ipallocations set ip_address=172.16.0.1  where port_id=d256fda2-5dee-4e05-8c0e-ef1a89390686;

5、注意操作期间虚拟机关机/操作后启动虚拟机；也可以尝试分离网络端口

openstack虚拟机获取不到ip

一、现象描述：

openstack平台中创建虚拟机后，虚拟机在web页面中显示获取到了ip，但是打开虚拟机控制台后查看网络状态，虚拟机没有ip地址，下图为故障截图：

 

 

二、分析思路：

（1）查看neutron服务状态，确保dchp服务正常运行

[email protected]:15:11~#neutron agent-list
neutron CLI is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use openstack CLI instead.
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
| id                                   | agent_type         | host       | availability_zone | alive | admin_state_up | binary                    |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
| 3812cb30-7440-4080-bd75-9634687937f6 | DHCP agent         | controller | nova              | :-)   | True           | neutron-dhcp-agent        |
| 51a30db0-9525-42de-b5d8-6b04e2a13baf | Open vSwitch agent | storage    |                   | :-)   | True           | neutron-openvswitch-agent |
| 63416b42-376b-4576-b89d-12694faa2bf9 | L3 agent           | controller | nova              | :-)   | True           | neutron-l3-agent          |
| 7ce3b592-240f-4090-bf09-9a7ecbfa7d3c | Open vSwitch agent | controller |                   | :-)   | True           | neutron-openvswitch-agent |
| 851ccdd9-ff14-4e8f-971c-9343787ef056 | Open vSwitch agent | compute    |                   | :-)   | True           | neutron-openvswitch-agent |
| 8c458dca-a306-4882-a851-1c47a19ab3c1 | Metadata agent     | controller |                   | :-)   | True           | neutron-metadata-agent    |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
[email protected]:16:24~#

（2）查看dnsmsp进程是否正常

[email protected]:48:28/var/log/neutron#ps aux | grep dnsmasq
nobody   28488  0.0  0.0  53888  1164 ?        S    21:51   0:00 dnsmasq --no-hosts --no-resolv --strict-order --except-interface=lo --pid-file=/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/1a426ffe-2bf0-4785-96a5-74402004a17b/pid --dhcp-hostsfile=/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/1a426ffe-2bf0-4785-96a5-74402004a17b/host --addn-hosts=/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/1a426ffe-2bf0-4785-96a5-74402004a17b/addn_hosts --dhcp-optsfile=/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/1a426ffe-2bf0-4785-96a5-74402004a17b/opts --dhcp-leasefile=/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/1a426ffe-2bf0-4785-96a5-74402004a17b/leases --dhcp-match=set:ipxe,175 --bind-interfaces --interface=tap2c7d9cb9-96 --dhcp-range=set:tag0,172.16.0.0,static,86400s --dhcp-option-force=option:mtu,1450 --dhcp-lease-max=65536 --conf-file= --domain=openstacklocal
root     30314  0.0  0.0 112724   988 pts/0    R+   22:48   0:00 grep --color=auto dnsmasq
[email protected]:48:52/var/log/neutron#

(3)检查ovs网桥中的 br-int 集成网桥是否有 tap设备 连接到了dchp-agent 的 namesapce上

[email protected]:16:29~#ovs-vsctl show
552eea67-4365-410a-b683-644af569c52d
    Manager "ptcp:6640:127.0.0.1"
        is_connected: true
    Bridge br-ex
        Port "eth2"
            Interface "eth2"
        Port br-ex
            Interface br-ex
                type: internal
        Port "qg-91819abf-e1"
            Interface "qg-91819abf-e1"
                type: internal
    Bridge br-int
        Controller "tcp:127.0.0.1:6633"
            is_connected: true
        fail_mode: secure
        Port "tap2c7d9cb9-96"
            tag: 2
            Interface "tap2c7d9cb9-96"
                type: internal
        Port br-int
            Interface br-int
                type: internal
        Port patch-tun
            Interface patch-tun
                type: patch
                options: peer=patch-int
        Port "qr-4056447b-ea"
            tag: 1
            Interface "qr-4056447b-ea"
                type: internal
    Bridge br-tun
        Controller "tcp:127.0.0.1:6633"
            is_connected: true
        fail_mode: secure
        Port "vxlan-c0a8fe97"
            Interface "vxlan-c0a8fe97"
                type: vxlan
                options: df_default="true", in_key=flow, local_ip="192.168.254.150", out_key=flow, remote_ip="192.168.254.151"
        Port patch-int
            Interface patch-int
                type: patch
                options: peer=patch-tun
        Port br-tun
            Interface br-tun
                type: internal
    ovs_version: "2.9.0"
[email protected]:16:48~#i

 在dhcp命名空间中找到对应网络的 namespace 中找到 br-int 网桥上对应的 tap 设备，然后查看 ip 配置：

[email protected]:26:29/var/log/neutron#ip netns show
qrouter-3028515a-106a-4d77-b2bb-edd34ddbc7c7 (id: 1)
qdhcp-1a426ffe-2bf0-4785-96a5-74402004a17b (id: 0)
[email protected]:26:44/var/log/neutron#
[email protected]:27:14/var/log/neutron#
[email protected]:27:14/var/log/neutron#ip netns exec qdhcp-1a426ffe-2bf0-4785-96a5-74402004a17b ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
15: tap2c7d9cb9-96: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether fa:16:3e:18:16:47 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.199.10/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global tap2c7d9cb9-96
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 169.254.169.254/16 brd 169.254.255.255 scope global tap2c7d9cb9-96
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe18:1647/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[email protected]:27:47/var/log/neutron#

 

三、定位问题：

通过以上排查思路分析，br-int 上是有 tap设备 连接到了dhcp-namespace 中，但却是外部网络的dhcp服务ip，没有发现虚拟机所连接的192.168.168.0/24的dhcp-namespace

 

四、故障处理流程：

（1）找到对应网络的subnet，把 dchp 功能启用，打对勾

（2）然后到 subnet 中查看时候有 dhcp 端口且有ip，并检查 dhcp-namespace 中的 tap设备是否有了ip

 

（3）在次查看namespace发现多了一个dhcp-namespace

[email protected]:26:15/var/log/neutron#ip netns show
qdhcp-cb06eada-2249-46e7-bcd8-c9c07937231d (id: 2)
qrouter-3028515a-106a-4d77-b2bb-edd34ddbc7c7 (id: 1)
qdhcp-1a426ffe-2bf0-4785-96a5-74402004a17b (id: 0)

（4）查看dhcp-namespace的 ip 配置，正好是dhcp的服务ip

[email protected]:26:20/var/log/neutron#ip netns exec qdhcp-cb06eada-2249-46e7-bcd8-c9c07937231d ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
21: tap865fcb34-fc: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether fa:16:3e:ce:2f:9b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.168.2/24 brd 192.168.168.255 scope global tap865fcb34-fc
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 169.254.169.254/16 brd 169.254.255.255 scope global tap865fcb34-fc
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fece:2f9b/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[email protected]:26:54/var/log/neutron#

（5）重启虚拟机虚拟机，发现获取到 ip 了

 

五、总结

在创建虚拟机下发请求后，dnsmasq进程会给虚拟机分配好mac地址和ip地址，并写入到/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/network-id 目录下的host文件中。虚拟机在内网中发送广播来获取ip的过程中，dnsmasq 会监听到然后将host文件中的对应ip通过dchp-namespace分配给虚拟机。

所以，在虚拟机获取ip过程中，必须虚拟机发出的包可以到达dhcp-namespace 经过的虚拟网络设备都存在且正常工作。

如果没有在subnet中开启上述的dhcp功能，那就少了一个对应网络的name-sapce dhcp服务了，所以虚拟机获取不到 ip。