#yyds干货盘点#Ubuntu网络配置和故障排错工具详解

Posted 2021-12-12 王华_linux

1. Ubuntu网卡配置

官网文档：

​​​​https://help.ubuntu.com/​​​​​

​​​​https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/network-configuration.html.zh-CN​​​​​

​​​​https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/network-configuratio​​​​​n   ​​

1.1配置静态IP

[root11:28 PMubuntu ~]#cat /etc/netplan/02-eth1.yaml 
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth1:
      addresses: [192.168.8.10/24,10.0.0.10/24]  #或者用下面两行,两种格式不能混用
        -192.168.8.10/24
        -10.0.0.10/24     
          gateway4:
      gateway4: 10.0.0.2
      nameservers:
        search: [magedu.com, magedu.org]
        addresses: [180.76.76.76, 8.8.8.8, 1.1.1.1]

1.2 配置动态IP

[root11:42 PMubuntu ~]#cat /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml 
network:
 version: 2
 renderer: networkd
 ethernets:
   eth0:
    dhcp4: yes

1.3修改网卡配置文件后需执行命令生效：

root@ubuntu1804:~#netplan apply

2.切换为root

主机名的查看和修改

[root11:07 PMubuntu ~]#cat /etc/hostname  
ubuntu
[root11:07 PMubuntu ~]#hostname
ubuntu
[root11:09 PMubuntu ~]#echo $HOSTNAME
ubuntu
#修改主机名：
[root11:11 PMubuntu ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname Ubuntu.wang

3. 网卡名称修改

#修改配置文件为下面形式
root@ubuntu1804:~#vi /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="net.ifnames=0"
#或者sed修改
sed -i.bak /^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=/s#"$#net.ifnames=0"# /etc/default/grub
#生效新的grub.cfg文件
root@ubuntu1804:~# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
#或者
root@ubuntu1804:~# update-grub
root@ubuntu1804:~# grep net.ifnames /boot/grub/grub.cfg
linux /vmlinuz-4.15.0-96-generic root=UUID=51517b88-7e2b-4d4a-8c14-fe1a48ba153c ro net.ifnames=0
linux /vmlinuz-4.15.0-96-generic root=UUID=51517b88-7e2b-4d4a-8c14-fe1a48ba153c ro net.ifnames=0
linux /vmlinuz-4.15.0-96-generic root=UUID=51517b88-7e2b-4d4a-8c14-fe1a48ba153c ro recovery nomodeset net.ifnames=0
linux /vmlinuz-4.15.0-76-generic root=UUID=51517b88-7e2b-4d4a-8c14-fe1a48ba153c ro net.ifnames=0
linux /vmlinuz-4.15.0-76-generic root=UUID=51517b88-7e2b-4d4a-8c14-fe1a48ba153c ro recovery nomodeset net.ifnames=0
 
#重启生效
root@ubuntu1804:~# reboot