39 openEuler搭建FTP服务器-安装管理vsftpd服务
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39 openEuler搭建FTP服务器-安装管理vsftpd服务
39.1 安装vsftpd
使用vsftpd需要安装vsftpd软件，在已经配置yum源的情况下，通过root权限执行如下命令，即可完成vsftpd的安装。
# dnf install vsftpd
39.2 管理vsftpd服务
启动、停止和重启vsftpd服务，请在root权限下执行对应命令。
- 启动vsftpd服务
# systemctl start vsftpd
可以通过netstat命令查看通信端口21是否开启，如下显示说明vsftpd已经启动。
# netstat -tulnp | grep 21
tcp6 0 0 :::21 :::* LISTEN 19716/vsftpd
- 停止vsftpd服务
# systemctl stop vsftpd
- 重启vsftpd服务
# systemctl restart vsftpd
36 openEuler搭建repo服务器-部署远端repo源
36 openEuler搭建repo服务器-部署远端repo源
安装openEuler操作系统，在openEuler上通过nginx部署repo源。
36.1 nginx安装与配置
- 在root权限下安装nginx。
# dnf install -y nginx
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# dnf install -y nginx
Last metadata expiration check: 1:32:43 ago on 2022年11月29日 星期二 20时22分38秒.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 1:1.21.5-3.oe2203 update 498 k
Installing dependencies:
gd x86_64 2.3.2-2.oe2203 update 127 k
libXpm x86_64 3.5.13-1.oe2203 OS 41 k
libwebp x86_64 1.2.1-1.oe2203 OS 246 k
nginx-all-modules noarch 1:1.21.5-3.oe2203 update 7.6 k
nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.21.5-3.oe2203 update 8.7 k
nginx-mod-http-image-filter x86_64 1:1.21.5-3.oe2203 update 18 k
nginx-mod-http-perl x86_64 1:1.21.5-3.oe2203 update 27 k
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter x86_64 1:1.21.5-3.oe2203 update 17 k
nginx-mod-mail x86_64 1:1.21.5-3.oe2203 update 49 k
nginx-mod-stream x86_64 1:1.21.5-3.oe2203 update 71 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================
Install 11 Packages
Total download size: 1.1 M
Installed size: 3.0 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/11): libXpm-3.5.13-1.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 187 kB/s | 41 kB 00:00
(2/11): libwebp-1.2.1-1.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 845 kB/s | 246 kB 00:00
(3/11): gd-2.3.2-2.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 427 kB/s | 127 kB 00:00
(4/11): nginx-all-modules-1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch.rpm 155 kB/s | 7.6 kB 00:00
(5/11): nginx-filesystem-1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch.rpm 179 kB/s | 8.7 kB 00:00
(6/11): nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 368 kB/s | 18 kB 00:00
(7/11): nginx-mod-http-perl-1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 519 kB/s | 27 kB 00:00
(8/11): nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 350 kB/s | 17 kB 00:00
(9/11): nginx-mod-mail-1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 498 kB/s | 49 kB 00:00
(10/11): nginx-mod-stream-1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 71 kB 00:00
(11/11): nginx-1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64.rpm 1.6 MB/s | 498 kB 00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.0 MB/s | 1.1 MB 00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Running scriptlet: nginx-filesystem-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch 1/11
Installing : nginx-filesystem-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch 1/11
Installing : libwebp-1.2.1-1.oe2203.x86_64 2/11
Installing : libXpm-3.5.13-1.oe2203.x86_64 3/11
Installing : gd-2.3.2-2.oe2203.x86_64 4/11
Running scriptlet: gd-2.3.2-2.oe2203.x86_64 4/11
Installing : nginx-mod-http-perl-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 5/11
Running scriptlet: nginx-mod-http-perl-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 5/11
Installing : nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 6/11
Running scriptlet: nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 6/11
Installing : nginx-mod-mail-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 7/11
Running scriptlet: nginx-mod-mail-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 7/11
Installing : nginx-mod-stream-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 8/11
Running scriptlet: nginx-mod-stream-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 8/11
Installing : nginx-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 9/11
Running scriptlet: nginx-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 9/11
Installing : nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 10/11
Running scriptlet: nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 10/11
Installing : nginx-all-modules-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch 11/11
Running scriptlet: nginx-all-modules-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch 11/11
Verifying : libXpm-3.5.13-1.oe2203.x86_64 1/11
Verifying : libwebp-1.2.1-1.oe2203.x86_64 2/11
Verifying : gd-2.3.2-2.oe2203.x86_64 3/11
Verifying : nginx-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 4/11
Verifying : nginx-all-modules-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch 5/11
Verifying : nginx-filesystem-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch 6/11
Verifying : nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 7/11
Verifying : nginx-mod-http-perl-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 8/11
Verifying : nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 9/11
Verifying : nginx-mod-mail-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 10/11
Verifying : nginx-mod-stream-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 11/11
Installed:
gd-2.3.2-2.oe2203.x86_64 libXpm-3.5.13-1.oe2203.x86_64
libwebp-1.2.1-1.oe2203.x86_64 nginx-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64
nginx-all-modules-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch nginx-filesystem-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.noarch
nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 nginx-mod-http-perl-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64 nginx-mod-mail-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64
nginx-mod-stream-1:1.21.5-3.oe2203.x86_64
Complete!
[root@repo ~]#
- 在root权限下配置/etc/nginx/nginx.conf。
# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events
worker_connections 1024;
http
log_format main $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request"
$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer"
"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for";
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 4096;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
# Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
# See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
# for more information.
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/repo;
location /
autoindex on;
autoindex_exact_size on;
autoindex_localtime on;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html
# Settings for a TLS enabled server.
#
# server
# listen 443 ssl http2;
# listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
# server_name _;
# root /usr/share/nginx/html;
#
# ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";
# ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 10m;
# ssl_ciphers PROFILE=SYSTEM;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
# # Load configuration files for the default server block.
# include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
#
# error_page 404 /404.html;
# location = /40x.html
#
#
# error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
# location = /50x.html
#
#
[root@repo ~]#
36.2 启动nginx服务
- 在root权限下通过systemd启动nginx服务。
# systemctl enable nginx
# systemctl start nginx
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@repo ~]#
[root@repo ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@repo ~]#
- nginx是否启动成功可通过下面命令查看。
# systemctl status nginx
-
图1 表示nginx服务启动成功：
图 1 nginx服务启动成功
-
若nginx服务启动失败，查看错误信息并整改。
# systemctl status nginx.service --full
36.3 repo源部署
- 在root权限下创建nginx配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf中指定的目录/usr/share/nginx/repo。
# mkdir -p /usr/share/nginx/repo
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# mkdir -p /usr/share/nginx/repo
[root@repo ~]#
- 在root权限下修改目录/usr/share/nginx/repo的权限。
# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/repo
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/repo
[root@repo ~]#
- 设置防火墙规则，开启nginx设置的端口（此处为80端口），在root权限下通过firewall设置端口开启。
# firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
# firewall-cmd --reload
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
success
[root@repo ~]#
[root@repo ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@repo ~]#
- 在root权限下查询80端口是否开启成功，输出为yes则表示80端口开启成功。
# firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp
yes
[root@repo ~]#
或者也可在root权限下通过iptables来设置80端口开启，本次不使用iptables，只做了解。
# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
- nginx服务设置好之后，即可通过ip直接访问网页，如图2：
图 2 nginx部署成功
- 通过下面几种方式将repo源放入到/usr/share/nginx/repo下：
- 在root权限下拷贝镜像中相关文件至/usr/share/nginx/repo下，并修改目录权限。
# mount -o loop /home/openEuler-22.03-LTS-everything-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt
# cp -r /mnt/* /usr/share/nginx/repo
# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/repo
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# mount -o loop /home/openEuler-22.03-LTS-everything-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt
mount: /mnt: WARNING: source write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@repo ~]#
[root@repo ~]# cp -r /mnt/* /usr/share/nginx/repo
[root@repo ~]#
[root@repo ~]# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/repo
[root@repo ~]#
openEuler-22.03-LTS-everything-x86_64-dvd.iso存放在/home目录下。
- 使用root在/usr/share/nginx/repo下创建repo源的软链接。
# ln -s /home/repo/* /usr/share/nginx/repo/
/home/repo为已经创建好的repo源，/usr/share/nginx/repo/将指向/home/repo。
例如示例命令如下：
[root@repo ~]# ln -s /home/repo/* /usr/share/nginx/repo/
[root@repo ~]#
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