windows下怎么安装mysql

Posted 2023-03-16

步骤/方法1
打开下载的安装文件，出现如下界面：

2
mysql安装向导启动，点击“next”继续。

3
选择安装类型，有“Typical（默认）”、“Complete（完全）”、“Custom（用户自定义）”三个选项，我们选择“Custom”，有更多的选项，也方便熟悉安装过程。

4
在“MySQL Server（MySQL服务器）”上左键单击，选择“This feature, and all subfeatures, will be installed on local hard drive.”，即“此部分，及下属子部分内容，全部安装在本地硬盘上”。点选“Change...”，手动指定安装目录。

5
确认一下先前的设置，如果有误，按“Back”返回重做。按“Install”开始安装。

6
正在安装中，请稍候，直到出现下面的界面。

7
点击“next”继续，出现如下界面。

8
现在软件安装完成了，出现上面的界面，这里有一个很好的功能，mysql 配置向导，不用向以前一样，自己手动乱七八糟的配置my.ini 了，将“Configure the Mysql Server now”前面的勾打上，点“Finish”结束软件的安装并启动mysql配置向导。
9
点击“Finsh”，出现如下界面，MySQL Server配置向导启动。

10
点击“next”出现如下界面：

选择配置方式，“Detailed Configuration（手动精确配置）”、“Standard Configuration（标准配置）”，我们选择“Detailed Configuration”，方便熟悉配置过程。

选择服务器类型，“Developer Machine（开发测试类，mysql 占用很少资源）”、“Server Machine（服务器类型，mysql占用较多资源）”、“Dedicated MySQL Server Machine（专门的数据库服务器，mysql占用所有可用资源）”，大家根据自己的类型选择了，一般选“Server Machine”，不会太少，也不会占满。

选择mysql数据库的大致用途，“Multifunctional Database（通用多功能型，好）”、“Transactional Database Only（服务器类型，专注于事务处理，一般）”、“Non-Transactional Database Only（非事务处理型，较简单，主要做一些监控、记数用，对MyISAM数据类型的支持仅限于non-transactional），随自己的用途而选择了，我这里选择“Transactional Database Only”，按“Next”继续。

对InnoDB Tablespace进行配置，就是为InnoDB 数据库文件选择一个存储空间，如果修改了，要记住位置，重装的时候要选择一样的地方，否则可能会造成数据库损坏，当然，对数据库做个备份就没问题了，这里不详述。我这里没有修改，使用默认位置，直接按“Next”继续。

选择您的网站的一般mysql 访问量，同时连接的数目，“Decision Support(DSS)/OLAP（20个左右）”、“Online Transaction Processing(OLTP)（500个左右）”、“Manual Setting（手动设置，自己输一个数）”，我这里选“Online Transaction Processing(OLTP)”，自己的服务器，应该够用了，按“Next”继续。

是否启用TCP/IP连接，设定端口，如果不启用，就只能在自己的机器上访问mysql 数据库了，我这里启用，把前面的勾打上，Port Number：3306，在这个页面上，您还可以选择“启用标准模式”Enable Strict Mode），这样MySQL就不会允许细小的语法错误。如果您还是个新手，我建议您取消标准模式以减少麻烦。但熟悉MySQL以后，尽量使用标准模式，因为它可以降低有害数据进入数据库的可能性。还有一个关于防火墙的设置“Add firewall exception ……”需要选中，将MYSQL服务的监听端口加为windows防火墙例外，避免防火墙阻断。按“Next”继续。

注意：如果要用原来数据库的数据，最好能确定原来数据库用的是什么编码，如果这里设置的编码和原来数据库数据的编码不一致，在使用的时候可能会出现乱码。这个比较重要，就是对mysql默认数据库语言编码进行设置，第一个是西文编码，第二个是多字节的通用utf8编码，都不是我们通用的编码，这里选择第三个，然后在Character Set 那里选择或填入“gbk”，当然也可以用“gb2312”，区别就是gbk的字库容量大，包括了gb 参考技术A 1、 MySQL Community Server 5.6.10

官方网站下载mysql-5.6.10-winx64.zip
2、解压到d:\MySQL.（路径自己指定）
3、在d:\MySQL下新建my.ini配置文件，内容如下：

*****************配置文件开始*********************

# MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generated by the MySQL Server Instance ConfigurationWizard
#
#
# Installation Instructions
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
#
# CLIENT SECTION
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by MySQL clientapplications.
# Note that only client applications shipped by MySQLare guaranteed
# to read this section. If you want your own MySQLclient program to
# honor these values, you need to specify it as anoption during the
# MySQL client library initialization.
#
[client]

port=3306

[mysql]

default-character-set=gbk

# SERVER SECTION
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by the MySQL Server.Make sure that
# you have installed the server correctly (see above)so it reads this
# file.
#
[mysqld]

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3306

#Path to installation directory. All paths are usuallyresolved relative to this.
basedir="d:\MySQL\"
#Path to the database root
datadir="d:\MySQL\Data"
[WinMySQLadmin]
Server="d:\MySQL\bin\mysqld.exe"

# The default character set that will be used when anew schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined
default-character-set=gbk

# The default storage engine that will be used whencreate new tables when
default-storage-engine=INNODB

# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQLserver will
# allow. One of these connections will be reserved fora user with
# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to logineven if the
# connection limit has been reached.
max_connections=100

# Query cache is used to cache SELECT results andlater return them
# without actual executing the same query once again.Having the query
# cache enabled may result in significant speedimprovements, if your
# have a lot of identical queries and rarely changingtables. See the
# "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable tocheck if the current value
# is high enough for your load.
# Note: In case your tables change very often or ifyour queries are
# textually different every time, the query cache mayresult in a
# slowdown instead of a performance improvement.
query_cache_size=0

# The number of open tables for all threads.Increasing this value
# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqldrequires.
# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount ofopen files
# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable"open-files-limit" in
# section [mysqld_safe]
table_cache=256

# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporarytables. If a table
# grows larger than this value, it is automaticallyconverted to disk
# based table This limitation is for a single table.There can be many
# of them.
tmp_table_size=26M

# How many threads we should keep in a cache forreuse. When a client
# disconnects, the client's threads are put in thecache if there aren't
# more than thread_cache_size threads frombefore. This greatly reduces
# the amount of thread creations needed if you have alot of new
# connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notableperformance
# improvement if you have a good threadimplementation.)
thread_cache_size=8

#*** MyISAM Specific options

# The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL isallowed to use while
# recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE orLOAD DATA INFILE.
# If the file-size would be bigger than this, theindex will be created
# through the key cache (which is slower).
myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G

# If the temporary file used for fast index creationwould be bigger
# than using the key cache by the amount specifiedhere, then prefer the
# key cache method. This is mainly used to force long character keys in
# large tables to use the slower key cache method tocreate the index.
myisam_sort_buffer_size=52M

# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocksfor MyISAM tables.
# Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory,as some memory
# is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even ifyou're not using
# MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M asit will also be
# used for internal temporary disk tables.
key_buffer_size=40M

# Size of the buffer used for doing full table scansof MyISAM tables.
# Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
read_buffer_size=64K
read_rnd_buffer_size=256K

# This buffer is allocated when MySQL needs to rebuildthe index in
# REPAIR, OPTIMZE, ALTER table statements as well asin LOAD DATA INFILE
# into an empty table. It is allocated per thread sobe careful with
# large settings.
sort_buffer_size=256K

#*** INNODB Specific options ***
innodb_data_home_dir="d:\MySQL\Data\INNODB\"

# Use this option if you have a MySQL server withInnoDB support enabled
# but you do not plan to use it. This will save memoryand disk space
# and speed up some things.
#skip-innodb

# Additional memory pool that is used by InnoDB tostore metadata
# information. If InnoDB requires more memory for this purpose it will
# start to allocate it from the OS. As this is fast enough on most
# recent operating systems, you normally do not needto change this
# value. SHOW INNODB STATUS will display the currentamount used.
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=2M

# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) thetransaction logs to the
# disk at each commit, which offers full ACIDbehavior. If you are
# willing to compromise this safety, and you arerunning small
# transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce diskI/O to the
# logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written tothe log file and
# the log file flushed to disk approximately once persecond. Value 2
# means the log is written to the log file at eachcommit, but the log
# file is only flushed to disk approximately once persecond.
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

# The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering logdata. As soon as
# it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. Asit is flushed
# once per second anyway, it does not make sense tohave it very large
# (even with long transactions).
innodb_log_buffer_size=1M

# InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cacheboth indexes and
# row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/Ois needed to
# access data in tables. On a dedicated databaseserver you may set this
# parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memorysize. Do not set it
# too large, though, because competition of thephysical memory may
# cause paging in the operating system. Note that on 32bit systems you
# might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory perprocess, so do not
# set it too high.
innodb_buffer_pool_size=77M

# Size of each log file in a log group. You should setthe combined size
# of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer poolsize to avoid
# unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log fileoverwrite. However,
# note that a larger logfile size will increase thetime needed for the
# recovery process.
innodb_log_file_size=39M

# Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel.The optimal value
# depends highly on the application, hardware as wellas the OS
# scheduler properties. A too high value may lead tothread thrashing.
innodb_thread_concurrency=8

*****************配置文件结束*********************

配置文件也放在了附件里，大家可以根据需要修改。

重点是以下配置，其中datadir的目录名称必须是data，并且好像必须是MySQL目录下的data.之前自己制定了其他目录，一直出现1067的错误。

#Path to installation directory. All paths are usuallyresolved relative to this.
basedir="d:\MySQL\"

#Path to the database root
datadir="d:\MySQL\Data"

4、在windows环境变量里加入以下内容（方便执行命令行命令）
新建MYSQL_HOME="d:\MySQL\"

在Path里加入%MYSQL_HOME%\bin

5、将mysql注册为windows系统服务。具体操作是在命令行中执行以下命令：
mysqld install MySQL --defaults-file="d:\MySQL\my.ini"

移除服务为 mysqld remove

6、第5步成功后，在命令行启动mysql
c:>net start mysql

7、修改root的密码为62386997
方法一：
c:>mysql –uroot
mysql>showdatabases;
mysql>use mysql;
mysql> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD("62386997") WHEREuser='root';
　　mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> QUIT

方法二：
利用第三方管理工具Navicat8 for Mysql进行修改 参考技术B 回答

您好，先根据自己电脑的系统类型（64位或者32位），一般都是64位，打开下载的mysql安装文件双击解压缩，运行"mysql-5.5.40-win64.msi"或者"mysql-5.5.40-win32.msi"。点击Next

接着选择安装类型，有“Typical（默认）”、“Complete（完全）”、“Custom（用户自定义）”三个选项，我们选择选择“Custom”，按“next”键继续。

再建议先去除了C盘的盘，新建一个文件夹，命名为MySQL，选择“Browse”，手动指定安装目录。

选择安装文件夹

在确认完这个路径之后，继续点击Server data files，需要修改这个路径，这个文件保存的是在mysql里面编写的数据库代码确认一下先前的设置，如果有误，点击“Back”返回重做。点击“Install”开始安装。

出现这个页面代表安装完成

 参考技术C 直接去下载安装包按步骤安装就行了，可以去搜索相应版本的安装教程