Android M(6.0) 权限爬坑之旅
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原文网址:https://yanlu.me/android-m6-0-permission-chasm/
有一篇全面介绍Android M 运行时权限文章写的非常全面:Android M 新的运行时权限开发者需要知道的一切,但是实施过程中还是遇到一些坑。
坑一:用Android5.0编译的apk,在Android6.0上运行完全没有问题。
- 在Android6.0以上才需要在运行时请求权限,在旧Android版本上保留原有逻辑,安装时授予权限。
- 用旧版本sdk编译的apk,都使用旧版本权限方式,安装时授予权限。(也就是说:兼容旧版本)
- 用Android6.0(targetSdkVersion 23)作为目标版本才需要处理新的权限问题。
- 还有一个蛋疼的问题:程序运行当中,用户关闭了权限,会发生什么?(还未知)
坑二:蓝牙扫描需要位置权限,而且定位要开启
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BluetoothUtils: Permission denial: Need ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION or ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission to get scan results |
如何申请一个权限:用ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION举栗子
1. Manifest添加权限
Android6.0分了几种权限:Normal Permissions(安装时自动授权,用户也不能取消权限) and Dangerous Permissions
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<!-- Android6.0 蓝牙扫描才需要--> < uses-permission-sdk-23 android:name = "android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" /> |
2. 请求权限
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//判断是否有权限 // Here, thisActivity is the current activity if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(thisActivity, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) //请求权限 ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(thisActivity, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION); //判断是否需要 向用户解释,为什么要申请该权限 ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(thisActivity, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) //权限申请结果 onRequestPermissionsResult( int requestCode, String permissions[], int [] grantResults) |
坑三:Fragment请求权限
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//如果使用ActivityCompat.requestPermissions,不会调用onRequestPermissionsResult() //请求权限 requestPermissions( new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION); //判断是否需要 向用户解释,为什么要申请该权限 shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) |
坑四:WRITE_SETTINGS权限怎么处理
android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS不能自动授权,也不能运行时请求授权,咋整啊?通过打开Intent来让用户设置。貌似SETTINGS的权限只能这么处理,from CommonsWare research Android 6.0 changes.
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/** * An app can use this method to check if it is currently allowed to write or modify system * settings. In order to gain write access to the system settings, an app must declare the * {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_SETTINGS} permission in its manifest. If it is * currently disallowed, it can prompt the user to grant it this capability through a * management UI by sending an Intent with action * {@link android.provider.Settings#ACTION_MANAGE_WRITE_SETTINGS}. * * @param context A context * @return true if the calling app can write to system settings, false otherwise */ if (!Settings.System.canWrite( this )){ Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_WRITE_SETTINGS, Uri.parse( "package:" + getPackageName())); startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE); } @Override protected void onActivityResult( int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) { if (Settings.System.canWrite( this )) { //检查返回结果 Toast.makeText(MainActivity. this , "WRITE_SETTINGS permission granted" , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } else { Toast.makeText(MainActivity. this , "WRITE_SETTINGS permission not granted" , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } } |
源码地址
GitHub地址:Android_M_requestPermissions
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