Android实例-Delphi开发蓝牙官方实例解析(XE10+小米2+小米5)

Posted 2020-10-24 我的学习笔记

Android实例-Delphi开发蓝牙官方实例解析(XE10+小米2+小米5)

 

 

相关资料：
1.http://blog.csdn.net/laorenshen/article/details/41149803
2.http://www.cnblogs.com/findumars/p/5149128.html

 

一、理清概念
1.蓝牙设备：是指代有蓝牙通信的手机、电脑、平板、打印机、耳机等。
2.设备名称：是指设备打开蓝牙功能后，在其他设备中显示的名字，如图1用的A、B、C等。
3.蓝牙关态：如果A手机没有打开蓝牙功能，A手机是不能使用搜索的。就算A打开蓝牙，其他的设备没打开，A也是搜索不到的，如E。
4.服务名称：每一个设备上打开蓝牙时，都会提供不同的服务，服务的名称是在其他设备上显示的。
5.服务是从哪里来的？其实打开蓝牙功能，只是设备开启此功能，但没有实际的应用功能。必须由某个程序或应用建立相关的服务，其他设备才能与此设备通信。

二、Delphi中提供了什么？
1.蓝牙相关功能在System.Bluetooth.pas单元。
2.Bluetooth.pas提供的对像
TBluetoothManager：蓝牙管理器。用于蓝牙设备管理，包括发现蓝牙设备，获取配对设备，处理远程配对请求等功能。
TBluetoothDeviceList：是蓝牙设备列表。可以通过TBluetoothManager.GetPairedDevices获得配对设备列表
TBluetoothAdapter：本机蓝牙设备，实现配对、取消配对等功能，可通过
TBluetoothDevice：远端蓝牙设备，每个远端设备可以提供若干个服务
TBluetoothService：远端蓝牙设备服务，包括服务名和UUID
TBluetoothServiceList：服务列表。可通过TBluetoothDevice.GetServices获得远端设备服务列表
TBluetoothSocket：蓝牙通讯套接字。

三、实例解析 

小米手机2
1.打开蓝牙
2.点击“发现设备”,过一会就会在下面的列表中显示出所有搜索到的蓝牙设备。
3.在出现的蓝牙设备列表中，选一个。比如“小米手机5”。
4.点击“配对”，这时小米手机5会收到配对信息。
5.这时配对设备列表中就会出现小米手机5，选中它。
6.点击“服务”，出现N个服务，但这时你不知道怎么与小米手机5通信。对的还少个服务。
7.操作小米手机5中的第三步。
8.在服务列表中选中最下方的（晕，不知道为什么名字是个空串）。
9.进入服务演示页面。
10.点“发送短信给”不好意思，我不小心点了二下，所以小米手机5收到二次。
11.这时小米手机5就收到了信息。 

小米手机5
1.打开蓝牙
2.接受小米手机2的配对请求。
3.点击“创建文本服务” 

PS:
1.同一个程序里包括了发送信息，与接收信息。所以程序可以在二个手机上测试。
2.现在只能小米手机2给小米手机5发信息，为什么呢？因为小米手机2没有建服务呀。
3.如果小米手机5的程序退出，你会发现小米手机2上查看服务，刚才小米手机5建立的服务不见了。
4.图片本来很清楚，但为了文章的大小，就成了现在的惨不忍睹了。望大家见谅。

 

Delphi官方实例源码：

unit Unit1;

interface

uses
  System.SysUtils, System.Types, System.UITypes, System.Classes, System.Variants,
  FMX.Types, FMX.Controls, FMX.Forms, FMX.Graphics, FMX.Dialogs, System.Bluetooth,
  FMX.Layouts, FMX.ListBox, FMX.StdCtrls, FMX.Memo, FMX.Controls.Presentation,
  FMX.Edit, FMX.TabControl, FMX.ScrollBox;

type
  //读取数据线程
  TServerConnectionTH = class(TThread)
  private
    { Private declarations }
    FServerSocket: TBluetoothServerSocket;
    FSocket: TBluetoothSocket;
    FData: TBytes;
  protected
    procedure Execute; override;
  public
    { Public declarations }
    constructor Create(ACreateSuspended: Boolean);
    destructor Destroy; override;
  end;

  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    ButtonDiscover: TButton;
    ButtonPair: TButton;
    ButtonUnPair: TButton;
    ButtonPairedDevices: TButton;
    DisplayR: TMemo;
    Edit1: TEdit;
    Button2: TButton;
    FreeSocket: TButton;
    Labeldiscoverable: TLabel;
    ComboBoxDevices: TComboBox;
    ComboBoxPaired: TComboBox;
    Panel1: TPanel;
    TabControl1: TTabControl;
    TabItem1: TTabItem;
    TabItem2: TTabItem;
    LabelNameSarver: TLabel;
    ButtonServices: TButton;
    ComboBoxServices: TComboBox;
    PanelClient: TPanel;
    LabelClient: TLabel;
    ButtonConnectToRFCOMM: TButton;
    PanelServer: TPanel;
    ButtonCloseReadingSocket: TButton;
    ButtonOpenReadingSocket: TButton;
    LabelServer: TLabel;
    Label1: TLabel;
    procedure ButtonDiscoverClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ButtonPairClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ButtonUnPairClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ButtonPairedDeviceClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ButtonOpenReadingSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ButtonConnectToRFCOMMClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ButtonCloseReadingSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
    procedure FreeSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
    function ManagerConnected:Boolean;
    function GetServiceName(GUID: string): string;
    procedure ComboBoxPairedChange(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ButtonServicesClick(Sender: TObject);
  private
    { Private declarations }
    FBluetoothManager: TBluetoothManager;
    FDiscoverDevices: TBluetoothDeviceList;
    FPairedDevices: TBluetoothDeviceList;
    FAdapter: TBluetoothAdapter;
    FData: TBytes;
    FSocket: TBluetoothSocket;
    ItemIndex: Integer;
    ServerConnectionTH: TServerConnectionTH;
    procedure DevicesDiscoveryEnd(const Sender: TObject; const ADevices: TBluetoothDeviceList);
    procedure PairedDevices;
    procedure SendData;
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

Const
  ServiceName = \'Basic Text Server\';
  ServiceGUI = \'{B62C4E8D-62CC-404B-BBBF-BF3E3BBB1378}\';
var
  Form1: TForm1;

implementation

{$R *.fmx}
{$R *.NmXhdpiPh.fmx android}
{$R *.LgXhdpiPh.fmx ANDROID}
{$R *.SmXhdpiPh.fmx ANDROID}
{$R *.Macintosh.fmx MACOS}
{$R *.iPhone4in.fmx ios}
{$R *.Windows.fmx MSWINDOWS}
//配对(Pair)
procedure TForm1.ButtonPairClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if ManagerConnected then
    if ComboboxDevices.ItemIndex > -1 then
      FAdapter.Pair(FDiscoverDevices[ComboboxDevices.ItemIndex])
    else
      ShowMessage(\'没有选择的设备(No device selected)\');
end;

//取消配对(UnPair)
procedure TForm1.ButtonUnPairClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if ManagerConnected then
    if ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex > -1 then
      FAdapter.UnPair(FPairedDevices[ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex])
    else
      ShowMessage(\'未选择配对设备(No Paired device selected)\');
end;

procedure TForm1.ComboBoxPairedChange(Sender: TObject);
begin
  LabelNameSarver.Text := ComboBoxPaired.Items[ComboBoxPaired.ItemIndex];
end;

procedure TForm1.PairedDevices;
var
  I: Integer;
begin
  ComboboxPaired.Clear;
  if ManagerConnected then
  begin
  FPairedDevices := FBluetoothManager.GetPairedDevices;
  if FPairedDevices.Count > 0 then
    for I:= 0 to FPairedDevices.Count - 1 do
      ComboboxPaired.Items.Add(FPairedDevices[I].DeviceName)
  else
    ComboboxPaired.Items.Add(\'没有配对设备(No Paired Devices)\');
  end;
end;

//配对设备(Paired Devices)
procedure TForm1.ButtonPairedDeviceClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  PairedDevices;
  ComboboxPaired.DropDown;
end;

//服务(Services)
procedure TForm1.ButtonServicesClick(Sender: TObject);
var
  LServices: TBluetoothServiceList;
  LDevice: TBluetoothDevice;
  I: Integer;
begin
  ComboBoxServices.Clear;
  if ManagerConnected then
    if ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex > -1 then
    begin
      LDevice := FPairedDevices[ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex] as TBluetoothDevice;
      LServices := LDevice.GetServices;
      for I := 0 to LServices.Count - 1 do
        ComboBoxServices.Items.Add(LServices[I].Name + \' --> \' + GUIDToString(LServices[I].UUID));
      ComboBoxServices.ItemIndex := 0;
      ComboBoxServices.DropDown;
    end
    else
      ShowMessage(\'未选择配对设备(No paired device selected)\');
end;

//释放客户套接字(Free Client Socket)
procedure TForm1.FreeSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  FreeAndNil(FSocket);
  DisplayR.Lines.Add(\'客户套接字释放(Client socket set free)\');
  DisplayR.GoToLineEnd;
end;

//清空(Clear)
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  DisplayR.ReadOnly := False;
  DisplayR.SelectAll;
  DisplayR.DeleteSelection;
  DisplayR.ReadOnly := True;
end;

function TForm1.GetServiceName(GUID: string): string;
var
  LServices: TBluetoothServiceList;
  LDevice: TBluetoothDevice;
  I: Integer;
begin
  LDevice := FPairedDevices[ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex] as TBluetoothDevice;
  LServices := LDevice.GetServices;
  for I := 0 to LServices.Count - 1 do
  begin
    if StringToGUID(GUID) = LServices[I].UUID then
    begin
      Result := LServices[I].Name;
      break;
    end;
  end;
end;

//发送短信给 - >(Send text to ->)
procedure TForm1.ButtonConnectToRFCOMMClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if ManagerConnected then
    try
      SendData;
    except
      on E : Exception do
      begin
        DisplayR.Lines.Add(E.Message);
        DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
        FreeAndNil(FSocket);
      end;
    end;
end;

//判断蓝牙的状态
function TForm1.ManagerConnected:Boolean;
begin
  if FBluetoothManager.ConnectionState = TBluetoothConnectionState.Connected then
  begin
    Labeldiscoverable.Text := FBluetoothManager.CurrentAdapter.AdapterName;
    Result := True;
  end
  else
  begin
    Result := False;
    DisplayR.Lines.Add(\'没有发现蓝牙设备(No Bluetooth device Found)\');
    DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
  end
end;

//发送信息方法
procedure TForm1.SendData;
var
  ToSend: TBytes;
  LDevice: TBluetoothDevice;
begin
  if (FSocket = nil) or (ItemIndex <> ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex) then
  begin
    if ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex > -1 then
    begin
      LDevice := FPairedDevices[ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex] as TBluetoothDevice;
      DisplayR.Lines.Add(GetServiceName(ServiceGUI));
      DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
      FSocket := LDevice.CreateClientSocket(StringToGUID(ServiceGUI), False);
      if FSocket <> nil then
      begin
        ItemIndex := ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex;
        FSocket.Connect;
        ToSend := TEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Edit1.Text);
        FSocket.SendData(ToSend);
        DisplayR.Lines.Add(\'短信已发送(Text Sent)\');
        DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
      end
      else
        ShowMessage(\'Out of time -15s-\');
    end
    else
      ShowMessage(\'未选择配对设备(No paired device selected)\');
  end
  else
  begin
    ToSend := TEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Edit1.Text);
    FSocket.SendData(ToSend);
    DisplayR.Lines.Add(\'短信已发送(Text Sent)\');
    DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
  end;
end;

//发现设备(Discover devices)
procedure TForm1.ButtonDiscoverClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  ComboboxDevices.Clear;
  if ManagerConnected then
  begin
    FAdapter := FBluetoothManager.CurrentAdapter;
    FBluetoothManager.StartDiscovery(10000);
    FBluetoothManager.OnDiscoveryEnd := DevicesDiscoveryEnd;
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.DevicesDiscoveryEnd(const Sender: TObject; const ADevices: TBluetoothDeviceList);
begin
  TThread.Synchronize(nil, procedure
  var
    I: Integer;
  begin
    FDiscoverDevices := ADevices;
    for I := 0 to ADevices.Count - 1 do
      ComboboxDevices.Items.Add(ADevices[I].DeviceName + \'  -> \' + ADevices[I].Address);
    ComboboxDevices.ItemIndex := 0;
  end);
end;

//创建文本服务(Create text service)
procedure TForm1.ButtonOpenReadingSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if (ServerConnectionTH = nil) and ManagerConnected then
  begin
    try
      FAdapter := FBluetoothManager.CurrentAdapter;
      ServerConnectionTH := TServerConnectionTH.Create(True);
      ServerConnectionTH.FServerSocket := FAdapter.CreateServerSocket(ServiceName, StringToGUID(ServiceGUI), False);
      ServerConnectionTH.Start;
      DisplayR.Lines.Add(\' - 创建服务(Service created): "\'+ServiceName+\'"\');
      DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
    except
      on E : Exception do
      begin
        DisplayR.Lines.Add(E.Message);
        DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
      end;
    end;
  end;
end;

//删除文字服务(Remove text service)
procedure TForm1.ButtonCloseReadingSocketClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if ServerConnectionTH <> nil then
  begin
    ServerConnectionTH.Terminate;
    ServerConnectionTH.WaitFor;
    FreeAndNil(ServerConnectionTH);
    DisplayR.Lines.Add(\' - 服务删除(Service removed) -\');
    DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
  end
end;

//显示窗体时，建立蓝牙管理器，并检查是否开启
procedure TForm1.FormShow(Sender: TObject);
begin
  try
    LabelServer.Text := ServiceName;
    LabelClient.Text := \'Client of \'+ServiceName;
    FBluetoothManager := TBluetoothManager.Current;
    FAdapter := FBluetoothManager.CurrentAdapter;
    if ManagerConnected then
    begin
      PairedDevices;
      ComboboxPaired.ItemIndex := 0;
    end;
  except
    on E : Exception do
    begin
      ShowMessage(E.Message);
    end;
  end;
end;

//关闭时，释放线程
procedure TForm1.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
  if ServerConnectionTH <> nil then
  begin
    ServerConnectionTH.Terminate;
    ServerConnectionTH.WaitFor;
    FreeAndNil(ServerConnectionTH);
  end
end;

{TServerConnection}
constructor TServerConnectionTH.Create(ACreateSuspended: Boolean);
begin
  inherited;
end;

//释放资源
destructor TServerConnectionTH.Destroy;
begin
  FSocket.Free;
  FServerSocket.Free;
  inherited;
end;

//读取线程的读取数据方法
procedure TServerConnectionTH.execute;
var
  ASocket: TBluetoothSocket;
  Msg: string;
begin
  while not Terminated do
    try
      ASocket := nil;
      while not Terminated and (ASocket = nil) do
        ASocket := FServerSocket.Accept(100);
      if(ASocket <> nil) then
      begin
        FSocket := ASocket;
        while not Terminated do
        begin
          FData := ASocket.ReadData;
          if length(FData) > 0 then
            Synchronize(procedure
              begin
                Form1.DisplayR.Lines.Add(TEncoding.UTF8.GetString(FData));
                Form1.DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
              end);
          sleep(100);
        end;
      end;
    except
      on E : Exception do
      begin
        Msg := E.Message;
        Synchronize(procedure
          begin
            Form1.DisplayR.Lines.Add(\'服务器关闭套接字(Server Socket closed): \' + Msg);
            Form1.DisplayR.GoToTextEnd;
          end);
      end;
    end;
end;

end.