1.写在前面
- android提供了丰富的
Dialog函数，本文介绍最常用的8种对话框的使用方法，包括普通（包含提示消息和按钮）、列表、单选、多选、等待、进度条、编辑、自定义等多种形式，将在第2部分介绍。 - 有时，我们希望在对话框创建或关闭时完成一些特定的功能，这需要
复写Dialog的create()、show()、dismiss()等方法，将在第3部分介绍。
2.代码示例
2.1 普通Dialog（图1与图2）
- 2个按钮
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public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button buttonNormal = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_normal); buttonNormal.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { showNormalDialog(); } }); } private void showNormalDialog(){ /* @setIcon 设置对话框图标 * @setTitle 设置对话框标题 * @setMessage 设置对话框消息提示 * setXXX方法返回Dialog对象，因此可以链式设置属性 */ final AlertDialog.Builder normalDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); normalDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.icon_dialog); normalDialog.setTitle("我是一个普通Dialog") normalDialog.setMessage("你要点击哪一个按钮呢?"); normalDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { //...To-do } }); normalDialog.setNegativeButton("关闭", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { //...To-do } }); // 显示 normalDialog.show(); }} |
- 3个按钮
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/* @setNeutralButton 设置中间的按钮 * 若只需一个按钮，仅设置 setPositiveButton 即可 */private void showMultiBtnDialog(){ AlertDialog.Builder normalDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); normalDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.icon_dialog); normalDialog.setTitle("我是一个普通Dialog").setMessage("你要点击哪一个按钮呢?"); normalDialog.setPositiveButton("按钮1", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // ...To-do } }); normalDialog.setNeutralButton("按钮2", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // ...To-do } }); normalDialog.setNegativeButton("按钮3", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // ...To-do } }); // 创建实例并显示 normalDialog.show();} |
2.2 列表Dialog（图3）
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private void showListDialog() { final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" }; AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); listDialog.setTitle("我是一个列表Dialog"); listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // which 下标从0开始 // ...To-do Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你点击了" + items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); listDialog.show();} |
2.3 单选Dialog（图4）
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int yourChoice;private void showSingleChoiceDialog(){ final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" }; yourChoice = -1; AlertDialog.Builder singleChoiceDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); singleChoiceDialog.setTitle("我是一个单选Dialog"); // 第二个参数是默认选项，此处设置为0 singleChoiceDialog.setSingleChoiceItems(items, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { yourChoice = which; } }); singleChoiceDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { if (yourChoice != -1) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你选择了" + items[yourChoice], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } }); singleChoiceDialog.show();} |
2.4 多选Dialog（图5）
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ArrayList<Integer> yourChoices = new ArrayList<>();private void showMultiChoiceDialog() { final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" }; // 设置默认选中的选项，全为false默认均未选中 final boolean initChoiceSets[]={false,false,false,false}; yourChoices.clear(); AlertDialog.Builder multiChoiceDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); multiChoiceDialog.setTitle("我是一个多选Dialog"); multiChoiceDialog.setMultiChoiceItems(items, initChoiceSets, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) { if (isChecked) { yourChoices.add(which); } else { yourChoices.remove(which); } } }); multiChoiceDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { int size = yourChoices.size(); String str = ""; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { str += items[yourChoices.get(i)] + " "; } Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你选中了" + str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); multiChoiceDialog.show();} |
2.5 等待Dialog（图6）
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private void showWaitingDialog() { /* 等待Dialog具有屏蔽其他控件的交互能力 * @setCancelable 为使屏幕不可点击，设置为不可取消(false) * 下载等事件完成后，主动调用函数关闭该Dialog */ ProgressDialog waitingDialog= new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this); waitingDialog.setTitle("我是一个等待Dialog"); waitingDialog.setMessage("等待中..."); waitingDialog.setIndeterminate(true); waitingDialog.setCancelable(false); waitingDialog.show();} |
2.6 进度条Dialog（图7）
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private void showProgressDialog() { /* @setProgress 设置初始进度 * @setProgressStyle 设置样式（水平进度条） * @setMax 设置进度最大值 */ final int MAX_PROGRESS = 100; final ProgressDialog progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this); progressDialog.setProgress(0); progressDialog.setTitle("我是一个进度条Dialog"); progressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL); progressDialog.setMax(MAX_PROGRESS); progressDialog.show(); /* 模拟进度增加的过程 * 新开一个线程，每个100ms，进度增加1 */ new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { int progress= 0; while (progress < MAX_PROGRESS){ try { Thread.sleep(100); progress++; progressDialog.setProgress(progress); } catch (InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } // 进度达到最大值后，窗口消失 progressDialog.cancel(); } }).start();} |
2.7 编辑Dialog（图8）
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private void showInputDialog() { /*@setView 装入一个EditView */ final EditText editText = new EditText(MainActivity.this); AlertDialog.Builder inputDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); inputDialog.setTitle("我是一个输入Dialog").setView(editText); inputDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, editText.getText().toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }).show();} |
2.8 自定义Dialog（图9）
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<!-- res/layout/dialog_customize.xml--><!-- 自定义View --><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <EditText android:id="@+id/edit_text" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /></LinearLayout> |
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private void showCustomizeDialog() { /* @setView 装入自定义View ==> R.layout.dialog_customize * 由于dialog_customize.xml只放置了一个EditView，因此和图8一样 * dialog_customize.xml可自定义更复杂的View */ AlertDialog.Builder customizeDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); final View dialogView = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this) .inflate(R.layout.dialog_customize,null); customizeDialog.setTitle("我是一个自定义Dialog"); customizeDialog.setView(dialogView); customizeDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // 获取EditView中的输入内容 EditText edit_text = (EditText) dialogView.findViewById(R.id.edit_text); Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, edit_text.getText().toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); customizeDialog.show();} |
3.复写回调函数
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/* 复写Builder的create和show函数，可以在Dialog显示前实现必要设置 * 例如初始化列表、默认选项等 * @create 第一次创建时调用 * @show 每次显示时调用 */private void showListDialog() { final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" }; AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this){ @Override public AlertDialog create() { items[0] = "我是No.1"; return super.create(); } @Override public AlertDialog show() { items[1] = "我是No.2"; return super.show(); } }; listDialog.setTitle("我是一个列表Dialog"); listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // ...To-do } }); /* @setOnDismissListener Dialog销毁时调用 * @setOnCancelListener Dialog关闭时调用 */ listDialog.setOnDismissListener(new DialogInterface.OnDismissListener() { public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Dialog被销毁了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); listDialog.show();} |