Espresso Test 4: Intent

Posted 2023-02-23 yxhuangCH

Espresso Intent

文章目录

• 1.0 知识点
• • 1.1 IntentsTestRule
  • 1.2 Matcher\\<T>
  • 1.3 InstrumentationRegistry
  • 1.4 Espresso.intent
  • 1.5 BoundedMatcher\\<T, S extends T>
• 2.0 Intent test
• • 2.1 需求代码
  • 2.2 测试代码
• 参考

这是 Espresso UI 测试系列的第四篇文章。这篇主要是讲述 Intent 的测试。
Intent 在 android 里面用的比较频繁，一般会用于启动新的 Activity 或者 Service.

代码来源于 youtube 视频：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxO0Z9GzcBU&list=PLgCYzUzKIBE_ZuZzgts135GuLQNX5eEPk&index=10

1.0 知识点

1.1 IntentsTestRule

IntentsTestRule 是继承 ActivityTestRule, 它是为了更加方便使用 Espresso-Intents 的 api 用于 UI 测试。

1.2 Matcher<T>

Matcher 可以用于拦截 intents, 但是需要同时配合 intended() 和 intending() 函数一起使用。

其中 intending(expectedIntent).respondWith(activityResult) 类似于 when ... return ...,当调用 expectedIntent, 返回 activityResult 结果。

例如：

   // GIVEN
    val expectedIntent: Matcher<Intent> = allOf(
        hasAction(Intent.ACTION_PICK),
        hasData(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI)
    )

    val activityResult = createGalleryPickActivityResultStub()

    // 要调整的 intent, 要验证的返回结果 activityResult
    // 类似于 when ... return ...
    intending(expectedIntent).respondWith(activityResult)

    // Execute and Verify
    onView(withId(R.id.button_open_gallery)).perform(click())
    intended(expectedIntent)

1.3 InstrumentationRegistry

主要用于获取 Instrumentation 和 application context

如果是用于获取 application context 可以用 ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>() 来替代。

链接：https://developer.android.com/reference/kotlin/androidx/test/InstrumentationRegistry

1.4 Espresso.intent

参加 1.2 Matcher>

1.5 BoundedMatcher<T, S extends T>

BoundedMatcher<T, S extends T>:一些匹配的语法糖，可以让你创建一个给定的类型，而匹配的特定亚型的只有过程项匹配。
类型参数：

• <T> : 匹配器的期望类型
• <S> : T 的亚型

链接：https://developer.android.com/training/testing/espresso/lists

例子：判断 ImageView 是否设置了 drawable

object ImageViewHasDrawableMatcher 

    fun hasDrawable(): BoundedMatcher<View, ImageView> 
        return object : BoundedMatcher<View, ImageView>(ImageView::class.java) 
            override fun describeTo(description: Description?) 
                description?.appendText("has drawable")
            

            override fun matchesSafely(item: ImageView?): Boolean 
                return item?.drawable != null
            
        
    

2.0 Intent test

2.1 需求代码

现在是从一个页面点击，发出 intent 去相册里去挑选照片，返回，设置到 ImageView 上。

ImageViewerActivity.kt

const val GALLERY_REQUEST_CODE_2 = 1234
const val KEY_IMAGE_DATA = "data"

class ImageViewerActivity : AppCompatActivity() 

    companion object 
        private const val TAG = "ImageViewerActivity_"
    

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_image_viewer)
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate")

        findViewById<TextView>(R.id.button_launch_camera).setOnClickListener 
            pickFromGallery()
        
    

    override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) 
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)

        if(resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK)
            Log.d(TAG, "RESULT_OK")
            when(requestCode)

                GALLERY_REQUEST_CODE_2 -> 
                    Log.d(TAG, "REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE detected.")
                    data?.extras.let extras ->
                        if (extras == null || !extras.containsKey(KEY_IMAGE_DATA)) 
                            return
                        
                        val imageBitmap = extras[KEY_IMAGE_DATA] as Bitmap?
                        image.setImageBitmap(imageBitmap)
                    
                
            
        
    

    private fun pickFromGallery() 
        val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI)
        startActivityForResult(intent, GALLERY_REQUEST_CODE_2)
    

2.2 测试代码

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner::class)
class ImageViewerActivityTest 

    @get:Rule
    val intentsTestRule = IntentsTestRule(ImageViewerActivity::class.java)

    @Test
    fun test_validateIntentSendToPackage() 

        // GIVEN
        val expectedIntent: Matcher<Intent> = hasAction(Intent.ACTION_PICK)

        val activityResult = createGalleryPickActivityResultStub()
        intending(expectedIntent).respondWith(activityResult)

        // Execute and Verify
        onView(withId(R.id.image)).check(matches(not(ImageViewHasDrawableMatcher.hasDrawable())))
        onView(withId(R.id.button_launch_camera)).perform(click())
        // 验证
        intended(expectedIntent)
        onView(withId(R.id.image)).check(matches(ImageViewHasDrawableMatcher.hasDrawable()))
    

    private fun createGalleryPickActivityResultStub(): Instrumentation.ActivityResult 
        val bundle = Bundle()
        bundle.putParcelable(
            KEY_IMAGE_DATA, BitmapFactory.decodeResource(
                intentsTestRule.activity.resources,
                R.drawable.ic_launcher_background
            )
        )
        val resultData = Intent()
        resultData.putExtras(bundle)
        return Instrumentation.ActivityResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, resultData)
    

相关代码已经放置到 Github: https://github.com/yxhuangCH/EspressoDemo/tree/Espresso/intent

参考

• https://developer.android.com/training/testing/espresso/intents